An Approach To Urban Emergency Management Based On Spatial Information Technologies

During the turning period of economy and society, China is facing complicated contradictions. In such condition, it is a very challenging task for the government to guarantee public security. Emergency management has become a hot issue both inland and overseas, especially after the“911”incident in 2001 and SARS in 2003.Recent applications of those information technologies such as spatial information technology and computer network and so on, in disaster mitigation and prevention have provided integrated and operational support for public emergency management, especially Emergency Management Information System (EMIS). Yet current EMISs in China could not satisfy the demand of emergency management for public emergency in some aspects. In the architectural aspect, those EMISs seldom considered the distribution character of information process and service in public emergency management, thus could not realize united decision support across different regions and departments. In functional aspect, they most concentrated on one or several steps of the overall process of emergency management, and could not meet the need of the whole process of public emergency management.According to such problems, a comprehensive framework of emergency management information service system covering all steps of emergency management from mitigation to recover for public emergency was established. Then a technical solution to share the distributed heterogeneous data for emergency handling based on web service and metadata was put forward. More information about the solution was presented in detail, including the system structure, distributed data storage structure and application structure of the Emergency Management Information System.In order to realize information sharing for EMISs, a basic information sharing platform was put forward and established. Some key fundamental technologies such as spatial information service platform technology, cached spatial information service technology and united LBS service platform technology were discussed and realized.At last, two demonstration projects about emergency management for dangerous goods safety and water pollution prevention were developed under the direction of the theory and technical method discussed above. The result proved that the feasibility and Maneuverability of the theory and technical method above is good.