Research On Accounting For Carbon Emission Rights

Carbon emission rights trading system as the basis resource allocation system has been certificated a effective low cost emission mechanism by defining carbon emission rights and responsibility, market pricing and trading. However, research statue quo indicated that accounting problems related to carbon emission rights system exist lacking systematic research which become the great difficult problem in accounting research field by summarizing the international and national research statue quo of accounting for carbon emission rights scheme trade.According to above research defects, on the basis of current research achievements, the paper systematicly analyzes the characterizes and contents of "cap and trading scheme" and "baseline and credit scheme" and probes into accounting recognizing, measuring and reporting problems of these schemes. Main opinions are as follows:1. It systematicly constructs accounting recognition and measure theory system of. According to characterizes of the "cap and trade scheme" and relative accounting theories, the different objectives of holding allowance engender different accounting problems. Holding allowance in order to trade means that the enterprise must recognize carbon currency assets and emission liabilities at the time of issuing allowances. Carbon trading transfor from carbon currency to currency assets. Allowance delivery brings the reduction of carbon currency and emission liabilities and engenders profit or loss. Accounting for the future and option allowance trades deal with according to the regulation of "China Accounting Standard No.24-Hedging". Holding allowance for obligation performance means it should not recognize assets and liabilities. The enterprise only accounting for excess emission or emission reduction. Under baseline and credit scheme, It should recognizes as carbon currency because of its net emission reduction property of carbon credit obtaining carbon credit can bring current gains or deferred income.2.It builds carbon emission rights trading accounting reporting pattern.In light of the complicated financial influene of carbon emission rights trade on the enterprise, the enterprise should adopt double reporting ways of financial statements reporting and off-sheet disclosure to provide accounting information users with decision-related carbon emission rights trade accounting information. The financial statements reporting requires reflect recognition, measurement and record results of allowance and carbon credit. Off-sheet disclosure requires disclosure comprehensive influence of carbon emission rights trade by carbon performance indexes.3. It recognizes the thought of establishing and earring out accounting regulation of carbon emission rights trading. China should establish accounting regulation for emission rights with two steps according to the degree of carbon trading market development. The first step establishes "carbon information disclosure guideline for the listed company" under the underdeveloped situation of carbon trading market. The second step establishes "carbon emission rights trading" accounting standard under the developed situation of carbon trade market.At the same time, China should construct self performance mechanism, objective superize mechanism and out performance mechanism to highen the performance effective.The shortage of paper include:Firstly,Although the views of carbon currency assets and emission liabilities are completely new theory try, its theory rationality should combine with accounting data of carbon emission rights trading;the second, it must make use of questionnaire and investigation research methods to strengthen its practical feasibility of carbon emission right trading reporting pattern.