The Research About The Industrial Training Institution For Local Governments In Western China

Since reforming and opening up, under the condition of resource allocated in the market, Local governments play a fundamental role to take full advantage of human, financial and material resources on construction of industrial parks, investment attraction, and the promotion of local advanced industries. Local governments with their great efforts have achieved remarkable success in the following areas since reforming and opening up:a rapid expansion of local enterprise scale, a constantly prohibited optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, a rapid and sustaining development in local economy. All these outstanding achievements of local economy have been making Chinese miracles, which creates a so-called "China Model". However, facing China’s realistic background with our particular political system, the transition of both Economy and Society, and not-high-enough population quality, when practicing the industry training, there is a big difference on industrial training behavior, work ideas, work mode and work priorities between the local governments in our country and those in western developed countries. In the Meantime, the local government industry training system itself also has many flaws and shortcomings, thus, it aroused much controversy in the theoretical Circles about the local government’s role in fostering industry.To this end, this paper, starting logically with the analysis on features of local industry and the characteristics of local government industry cultivating, based on the effective functions of the local government and resources guaranteed for the industrial training, and the local industrial planning, industrial program study, the promotion of preliminary work, the analysis for the process of operation and management of project, makes a preliminary exploration about industrial training system of local governmental framework and analyses the local administrative institution, personnel system as well as the financial support system. Referring to the above important issues, this essay targeted put forwards policy recommendations as follows.Firstly, this paper analyses the local industry and the features for it. Compared with the national comprehensive industrial system, local industry system is not a completed industry chain but a small amount of industry. The industrial structure and total are easily affected by a single project; Industrial development experiences the influence from exterior environment, especially from industrial transfer.Therefore, though the industry analysis is based on proportion of three industries, the applicability for the local industry is not strong. Only from specific industrial projects in practice and systematic analysis can we grasp the objective situation of local industries accurately. Meanwhile, local governments lead a positive image in promoting local industry which shows the "number one economy" in our particular political system. Certainly, the advanced government is supportive for local governments’work. Based on the core of promoting industrial development work, local governments focus on creating external work environment to attract investment. Without considering China’s political system, the use of Western economic theory of local industries from a macro, simple analysis, therefore, it is difficult to grasp the local government industry traiming in practical work on specific issues accurately and receive effective policy recommendations.Secondly, according to the local government industry’s cultivation function, allocation of authority and elements guaranteed, the security of local government system has been set up, so as the value of the goal, the rules, system and safeguard system have been put forward. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of local government industry system is briefly analyzed. Here, the goals include both the expansion of the industrial scale and the quality of industry, which is necessary to meet the requirements of local government assessment of GDP but also to enhance industrial competitiveness and sustainable development, so as to make great contribution to the local economic and social development. To improve the rules of local government industry training system, the focus is to improve the local government industry training mechanism and integrate government resources to form a joint force for local industry developing. The measures include the improvement of industrial organization and co-ordination institution, planning institution, program operation and supportive system, the introduction of investment policy. The guaranteed system of local government industry is to provide land, capital, labor resources, management skills, technique and so on, and the core is the security system of human resources and financing support system.Thirdly, based on the analysis of characteristics summarize from China’s industrial supply, take Sichuan and some other west areas whose local government industries’barriers are analyzed. The obstacles of government administration are reflected from lacking of local government financial support, the simplification and fragmentation of industrial policy, which can not form a policy together, efficient government either.Barriers in the personnel institution is reflected from overall quality being under-level, serious contradiction of talent structure, talent shortage in key industries; poor talent management institution, the barriers of personnel evaluation, mobility, incentives and contradiction of research are obvious. Contradictions existed in personnel institutional and industrial project as well as the imperfect personnel institutional and industrial project developing team increase the risk of failure of the industrial project. Obstacles reflected in the financing system are small and middle enterprise (SME) financing system being imperfect, single financing channels mainly relying on bank loans whose condition is difficult to be satisfied with for enterprises. It is hard to implement because the local government’s funding support policy is fail to receive support from financial institution.Fourthly, this paper introduces the experience and inspiration of the cultivation of local government industry of domestic and international. First of all, from the experience of American and Japanese local government industry, it shows that the industrial development needs the support from government and the two complement each other. Thus different conditions, the focus of national industrial policy to support is different. Then, it describes that the course of function of changes of Suzhou Municipal Government since the reform and opening up. The practice of Suzhou City has shown that the local government industrial development is a tenacious exploration under the strong demand in the economy and a process of constant adjustment and improvement along with economic development and domestic and international situation. In the primary stage of socialism and the process of post-prone areas catching-up, the local government take the special mission of industrial development, the effective government play a proactive role in the regulation of market mechanisms and they complement each other. Local governments should improve the institutional mechanisms, strategic decision-making, estate planning, and environment optimization positively. Finally, Two Rivers Area of practice in Chongqing shows that China’s political institution produces a major impact on the industrial development. Local industry shows the "number one economy". In accordance with fact and innovative institutional mechanisms, the principal leaders of the local government can mobilize all forces to develop a particular industry in a short time, which improve the efficiency of industrial development. At the same time, due to the limited local government resources, speeding up industrial training not only need to seek higher levels of government policy support actively but also gather financial and human resources through institutional innovation.At last, this essay puts forward suggestions on perfect industry development institution. In order to speed up industrial development, local governments not only have to improve the institution of industrial development institution but also achieve a breakthrough on the main contradiction. In the first place, the administration of local government industry has to be improved; the leadership of industry development has to be strengthened; the implementation mechanism of the industrial development should be improved; the policy of investment and the construction of industrial park should be perfected, etc. Finally, the local government should provide financing platform for industry to build a bridge between SME and banks, and create conditions to help SME which have the access to bank loans needed.In general, in China’s political institution, in China’s political institution, the local industry and the characteristics of local government industrial cultivation determine the core of cultivation is to promote industrial projects and attract investments. Meanwhile, in a market economy, the functions, the authority and resources of local government industry determine the local industrial development institution. The administrative institutional services of local government industry, human resources institution and the institution of financing are the key elements. Local governments should focus on the principal contradiction in the operation of industrial projects, the administrative institution and mechanism innovated, platform of services established on financing and personnel, which help to improve the efficiency of industrial training, to ease bottlenecks and personnel constraints, to promote the industry sustained and rapid development.This paper includes possible innovations:(1) to analyze the local industry: Compared with the national comprehensive industrial institution, local industry institution is not a completed industry chain but a small amount of industry. The industrial structure and total are easily affected by environment; therefore, though the traditional industry analysis is based on proportion of three industries, the applicability for the local industry is not strong. Only from specific industrial projects in practice and systematic analysis can we grasp the objective situation of local industries accurately (2) to analyze the characteristics of local government industry briefly:At the same time, local governments play a positive image in promoting local industry which shows the "number one economy" in our particular political institution. Certainly, the advanced government is supportive for local governments’work. Based on the core of promoting industrial development work, local governments focus on creating external work environment to attract investment. Without considering China’s political institution, the use of Western economic theory of local industries from a macro, simple analysis, therefore, it is difficult to grasp the local government industry training in practical work on specific issues accurately and receive effective policy recommendations.(3) Based on the analysis of elements guaranteed on local government Industrial development, a simple framework of local government industry development institution has been put forward. In practice, the mechanism of local government administrative institution, personnel institution and the financial support institution is the core of the three factors.(4) From the system inspection of operation of the industrial projects, the system of the ability of industry cultivation is not perfect is an important reason for the failure of industrial projects.