Research On Key Techniques Of Moving Target Surveillance System On Airport Surface

As the main component of the civil aviation transport system, airport is an importantinfrastructure of the air traffic. It is the first condition to ensure airplane safety take-off andlanding. With the development of civil aviation industry, the operations on the airport surface havebeen increasingly busy and crowded. Therefore, how to improve the operation efficiency ofairport surface is an important problem of civil aviation. In this thesis, the Airport SurfaceMovement Guidance and Control System is the study popular issuses. Focused on A-SMGCStechnology, deep researches on theory and engineering application algorithm of airport surfacesurveillance technology and combination surveillance prototype system are carried out.The main content and innovation in this thesis may be summarized as follows:1、The paper introduces the positioning principle, the precision, the update rate and coverageof SMR, ADS, D-GPS and MDS. According them, the paper identifies the SMR, D-GPS andADS-C as the key surveillance technology of the moving target tracking on the airport surface, aswell as some combination between them. It provides the research basis for later.2、Research on SMR locating and tracking moving target on airport surface. The IMMalgorithm is adopted to achive single SMR locating and tracking moving target on airport surface.To overcome the defect of EKF, the UKF is introduced to the IMM. Then UKF-IMM algorithm isused to tracking the target. Combined with the airport terrain information, VS-IMM algorithm isadopted to track the target on airport surface.The simulation results show VS-IMM trackingalgorithm is more accurate than FS-IMM by Monte Carlo simulation. The frame of the multi-SMRmulti-target data fusion of the distributed structure is proposed. Research is carried on the problemof time and space alignment. And multi-SMR error registration is studied. Then, the hierarchicalclustering is used to achive track-to-track association. Finally, weighted fusion method is used torealize track fusion.3、Based on ADS-C aircraft auxiliary monitoring system on airport surface is proposed.According to ACARS air-ground data chain construction and successful application in our country,the application of using ACARS as an auxiliary surveillance means is proposed. A report decodingmethod based on ARINC-618protocol is put forward.. The track’s management of the ADS-Cauxiliary surveillance system is studied. The track is filterd by using current statical model as theaircraft’s maneuvering model.4、D-GPS is applied to locate and track the vehicles on airport surface. Based on thecomparision of three different D-GPS characteristics, to meet the positioning accuracy andmonitoring range, a single base station local D-GPS is selected to realize the vehiclesurveillance.According the JSCORS to set the location of D-GPS base station. The information between the base station and mobile station is transmitted via GPRS. Based on these, the systemblock diagram of moving vehicle surveillance system based on D-GPS is designed.5、 The target’s tracking fusion of heterogeneous sensor consisting of combinationsurveillance system is studied. Transformaiton from the WGS-84the earth coordinate system tothe rectangular coordinate system is studied. With high precision D-GPS as a benchmark, theSMR and ADS-C error registration is realized. Reasearch on SMR track to ADS-C trackassociation by FCM is studied. In order to improve the operation speed, the AVQ neural networkis introduced to realize the FCM. Combing with the idea of weighted fusion algorithm,and trackfuzzy membership matrix, real time and synamic weighting factors of local tracks in track fusionare allotted. Montel Carlo simulaition shows the effective of the algorithm.6、Research on hardware and softwareware design of A-SMGCS prototype system. Based onthe premise of A-SMGCS surveillance requirements, the main frame of combination prototypesystem based on D-GPS/ADS-C is proposed. The paper presents a design and realization ofaircraft data receiving equipment by using C8051F based on CMX469A. Using ARM as the mainchip, combined with external chip and I/O interface for connection to D-GPS and WLAN modulesto realize the hardware platform. The hardware of communication interface between vehicle andmonitoring center is designed. A specific digital map format is proposed which is dedicated foron-board navigation. The electronic map surveying and mapping is realized using JSCORS, Theefficient UDP server module is realized. UDP multicast and multi-thread technology is used torealize Using cross-platform-ability of Python language and PyQt library, the cross-platformmonitoring center is realized, and the main functions, such as network transceiver and dynamicinformation display are completed.7、The verification experiment of the of D-GPS/ADS-C combination prototype system iscarried out. Using the PATS-EG environment of PATS platform to verify the aircraft data revevingeuipment and aircraft auxiliary monitoring system’s ability to receive the ACARS message. Theresults show that it can receive the ACARS message and it meets the requirement of surface targetsurveillance on real-time and accuracy rate. Based on college digital map, the real test about thecombination prototype system is finished. The performance of the D-GPS, on-board terminaland the monitoring is verified.Through the verification experiment of the combination prototype system, we draw thefollowing conclusion. First, the results of research on the key techniques of moving targetsurveillance on airport surface are effective and valuable. Second, the combination prototypesystem can provide useful basis to build new moving target surveillance system on airport surface.