Signature Features Of Chemical Composition Of Ephedra Sinica Studies On The Chemical Constituents Of Cynachum Stauntonii

Ephedra sinica Stapf belonging to the family of Ephedraceae,and Cynachum stauntonii (Decne.)Schltr. ex Levl., a perennial medicinal herb from the family of Asclepiadaceae, have been used as original plants of Eephedrae Herba and Cynanchi stauntonii Rhizoma Et Radix, respectively, in Chinese pharmacopoeia (2010). It has been reported that phenylalkylamines alkaloids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds were the main constituents from the stems of E. sinica, and C21steroids were the main constituents from the roots of C. stauntonii. Based on the diverse structures and extensive pharmacological effects of these types of compounds, this thesis studied the chemical constituents of the stems of E. sinica and the roots of C. stautonii, expecting to find more active substance and functions of the natural medicine.By using a variety of chromatographic techniques and spectroscopic methods,58compounds (1*-58) were isolated and structurally determined from the85%EtOH extract of the stems of E. sinica. Names and structures of the purified compounds are listed in Table1and Figure1, respectively. Among them, compounds1*-8*are novel compounds, compound1*is a new phenylalkylamines alkaloids, compound2*is a new coumarin, compound3*is a new phenolic compound, compounds4*-8*are new amides glycosides, among them5*-8*are four pairs of rotational isomers. From the n-BuOH fraction of95%EtOH extract of the roots of C. stauntonii, isolated20compouds,16of them were elucidated. Of which,5are new compounds (1*-5*),1*and2*are new steroids,3*and4*are new steroidal glycosides and5*is a new lignans. Names and structures of the purified compounds are listed in Table2and Figure2, respectively.The original determination of plant-derived subjects in the system of traditional herbal medicines is often complicated by the lack of morphological features in visual or microscopic inspection. Improved methods are urgently needed. In this paper, the profiles of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of fractionated polar extracts from samples of E. sinica and E. intermedia were recorded and analyzed by comparing them to each other and to those of the compounds isolated in this work. The1H NMR spectra revealed not only the common features of chemical composition among collected samples of Epheda species with the characteristic signals of their major constituents, phenylalkylamines alkaloids, being exhibited explicitly and reproducibly, but also the significantly signature features in the composition of signals when compared to other species. These features were further confirmed by HPLC and online HPLC-MS (mass spectrometry) analyses. On the basis of chemical investigation, the signals and peaks in the profiles of1H NMR and HPLC were unambiguously assigned to their corresponding monomers. The general feature of1H NMR spectrum coupled with that of HPLC profile established for authentic sample explicitly provided the data of structures and composition for those particular compounds, which can be used as signature features for original authentication of Ephedra species.