| Li Guangdi is a famous official in the early. Qing who has many works devoted to academia. For the academic circles, research on Li Guangdi’s thoughts mainly focuses on the state management by the Neo-Confucianism, revival of Neo-Confucianism, coordinate the thoughts of Zhu and Lu, thoughts of Zhouyi (周易), involves ontology, disposition thoughts, cultivation thoughts and all these are still not enough thorough pending further study. The paper discusses Li Guangdi’s Neo-Confucianism with multiple perspectives and a variety of levels from the concept, the study of the ideological background and origin, the concept of Heaven, disposition thoughts, cultivation thoughts, characteristics and influence, Etc,Li Guangdi’s thoughts have a close relationship with the times he lived and academic origin. Yangming’s thoughts were becoming a recession and Cheng zhu’s thoughts was on the rise with the substitution of the Ming and Qing Dynasties’ cultural reflection and academic disputes when the early Qing Dynasty of Kangxi,the social situation tended to be stable. The family influence, the influence of Min school and Huxiang school, and the communication with his friends and teachers in Peking jointly promoted the formation of Li Guangdi thoughts without any special teachers. Li Guangdi wandered between Cheng zhu and Lu wang’s thoughts, and he finally believed Cheng Zhu’s thoughts after51.Li Guangdi puts forward the concept of heaven. Nature Ontology of Li Guangdi is on the inheritance of the theoretical framework of Zhu’s points of Li (理) beyond Qi (气) and Qi (气) after Li (理); and at the same time absorbs the Huxiang school’s Nature Ontology as a fundamental principle that their formation is actually in the blend of Cheng Zhu’s thoughts and Huxiang school. Li Guangdi’s concept of heaven paid more attention to human nature, through making Tai Chis to be ethics, theories to be anthropomorphic; spirits persuading people to be’good, diluted the Neo-Confucianism especially untrue academic status of Wang Yangming school, for the beginning of Kangxi Dynasty’s ruling policy and social status, laid a theoretical foundation for the renaissance of Cheng Zhu thoughts in the early Qing dynasty.Li Guangdi’s human nature emphasizes on exploring the "nature" and the relationship between the other Neo-Confucianism category, such as nature and heart, and love, and desire, and benevolence, humanity and physical property, full of high perspicacity. On theoretical basis of nature and human desires overturning Cheng Zhu, Li Guangdi puts forward "human desire is not evil". He respects the normal desire with the help of senses to control, and points out that justice of human desire is the key relationship for regulating justice and desire. Li Guangdi has a unique understanding of "benevolence" to point out that benevolence is the heart of cultivation of life for the spirit, fraternity as the body of humanity, benevolence as the root of the good, promotes more mature form with integrating and developing the previous theories on "benevolence". Li Guangdi advocates the theory of original goodness of human nature, the instincts including nature, human and material, and highly praises the initiative of Oneness of heaven and man, opposed to clever and stupid fixed.Li Guangdi emphasizes the definition of knowledge and good by his cultivation thoughts, and further puts forward an approach of spiritual cultivation and becoming a sage for "determined to plant, devout to mind, pursuit the truth to their knowledge, practice so to reality". Li Guangdi advocated morality and knowledge the two can’t be neglected. In addition to pursuing virtue, he emphasizes the importance of seeking for knowledge. He pays attention to self-study, accumulation, practice and reading good books, and learns widely from others’points, only well versed in. Li Guangdi attaches great importance to music education, not only pays attention to the analysis of propriety, and emphasizes the application in the system level, the Neo-Confucian implemented, realized the morality and knowledge unity, also laid the theoretical foundation for ceremony instead of Li (理) in the late Qing Dynasty.Characteristics of Li Guangdi’s Neo-Confucianism thoughts are mainly in theory and practice:in theory, taking the nature as the body and Li (理) used; in practice, by the world of Neo-Confucianism. In addition, Li Guangdi’s Neo-Confucianism thought has important influence, first, Li Guangdi pays attention to the Confucian orthodoxy inheritance in Fujian, has made the contribution for the sincere Academic atmosphere of Fujian school; secondly, as the temple official, Li Guangdi promotes the revival of Neo-Confucianism through sparing no effort to promote Zhu xi to the temple Neo-Confucianism.In short, the systematically and in-depth research about Li Guangdi’s Neo-Confucianism will help to promote the Li Guangdi case studies and the whole research of Neo-Confucianism history in the early Qing Dynasty, so it has important academic value and practical significance. |
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