Base On Cognitive Control And Conflict Monitoring:

This study is about direction-perceptual decision making of congnitive and neural mechanism based on conflict monitoring theory of cognitive control.Previous studies suggested that there is very closely relationship between decision making and cognitive control. It is very helpful to understand complicated decision making by studing the cognitive control.However, the cognitive control is complicated. Now many researches focused on the conflict monitoring hypothesis to explore cognitive control.Maybe it is a very effective method.There are still many problems on the conflict monitoring in previous researches.The main problems:stimulus conflict and response conflict cannot be separated; principles of memory errors could interfere with the conflict processing; using functional imaging (fMRI) the lack of accurate time analysis.This study adopts the endogenous arrow stimuli as stimulus conflict, eliminate the disturbance of memory principle, using high time resolution of ERPs technology to analyze the cognitive and neural mechanism of perceptual decision making process.Experiment1:using the broken line single arrow as stimulus in the experimental paradigm, perceptual decision making results show:different ratios of broken line single arrow evoked amplitude of P1at Fz and Cz,as the ratio increases, amplitude increases, suggesting that P1effect with the reinforcing stimulus or arousal hypothesis. At the maximum amplitude of the O1electrode, no differences in P1amplitude, indicates that the transfer of P1on behalf of consciousness in the early stages of strategy and faster overall information processing, indicating facilitation effect; acted to the vertical direction, P1amplitude reached the maximum at O1, and the amplitude of P1decreased with different ratio of single cases of line the arrow increases, and broken arrow on the results about the direction of the opposite reaction. P1effect with the baseline hypothesis; N1showed increased with different proportion of broken arrow, ratio of amplitude increase; show differentiated processing effect of N1; at the same time showed that PI isolated to N1function, P1showed inhibitory processing, and the performance of the N1to distinguish between processing. No differences between N2and P300amplitudes, suggested line single arrow different proportions of the cognitive control process no exist.Experiment2:the broken line double arrow as stimuli, experiment using a perceptual decision making paradigm, research results show:when asked subjects to make decision with herizonal direction, the broken line double arrow evoked P1amplitude at Fz and Cz showed that the ratio of broken line increase, theP1amplitude increase, suggesting that P1effect explain with reinforcing stimulus or arousal hypothesis. At the maximum amplitude of the01point, no differences in P1amplitude, indicates that the transfer of P1on behalf of consciousness in the early stages of strategy and faster overall information processing, indicating facilitation effect; for the location, P1amplitude differences in Pz significantly, with increasing ratio of different proportion of line single arrow head decreases the trend line, results and the double arrow on about the direction of the opposite reaction, suggesting that P1effect with the baseline hypothesis; reach the maximum at01, in addition to the5:5line double arrow other ratio of discounted P1amplitude did not differ between the double arrow.5:5broken line double arrow minimum amplitude, and there is no difference and broken arrow amplitude, suggesting that it may be5:5line double arrow on the position response facilitation for the position of reaction. N1showed increased with different proportion of broken arrow, ratio of amplitude increase; show differentiated processing effect of N1; at the same time showed P1isolation and N1function, P1showed inhibitory processing, and the performance of the N1to distinguish between processing. The double arrow line induced by N2in Fz point of maximum amplitude, the study only stimulus conflict, no response conflict, so the N2effect on the reaction of conflict that is perceived, rather than inhibiting reaction. The double arrow line evoked P300, pointing to the position of reaction, no significant differences in P300amplitude, and pointing to the upper and lower positions, there were significant differences in P300amplitude,5:5line double arrow minimum amplitude, the5:5line double arrow facilitation for left and right direction in the decision-making process at the early stage, and in the P300phase increase cognitive control can be completed on position reaction. Experiment3:coherence of perceptual decision direction, the broken line double arrow as stimuli, response location to the left/right or right/left diagonal directions, thus introducing coherence direction of processing and response conflict. The stimulus is divided into five categories, six kinds of stimulation levels were low relation low fitting group (LL), low relation high fitting group (LH), high relation high fitting (HH), high relation low fitting (HL) and free responses of group FHH and FLL-The results showed:P1amplitude differences emerged, six kinds of stimulation level devided into the three type:high related group and free response FLL, free response group FHH and low relation group; in the early stages of perceptual decision making process, visual perception will be conducted the preliminary integration, suggesting that P1amplitude is not activated by the sensory,but is the evidence of classification; at the same time, different P1amplitude of stimulus cue itself-namely information with what strong feature hint cue, P1effect with inhibitory timing hypothesis. Six levels of stimulation evoked N1amplitude is the difference was not significant.The amplitude of N1represents the discrimination ability of processing the relevant. The amplitude of N2at Fz induced the largest, but also exist significant differences in Cz and Pz, N2amplitude Fz free response line double arrow induced lower amplitude levels of stimulation, speculated that the free response group requires special attention and self control; P300differences at Pz has significantly different, and divided stimulate into3group, low relation low fitting group (LL) and high relative low fitting group (HL) of the maximum amplitude,low relation high fitting group (LH) and free response group (FHH) minimum amplitude, high relation high fitting group (HH) and free response (FLL) group between them, classification of P300is related to endogenous cue different, at the same time, suggesting that P300is not represent response conflict, but is related to coherence direction processing.