Research On The Relationship Between Monarch And Courtiers In Ancient China

The relationship between emperor Taizong of Tang and his courtiers is a modelin the history of China, and the real portraiture to the ideal emperor-courtier’sreltionshiop in Chinese traditional political culture.We can find the characters of thetraitional political culture from the theoretical foundation for emperor-courtier’srelationship, and their ruling ideology, political ideal, and political moral.Reflectingon the political phenomenon in the ancient society,we realize the traitional politicalculture’s modern transition.Through the research to Zhen-guan hierarchy’s ruling ideology, politicalmentality, and the reigning way, we find the pratical value of the Confucian kinglyway thought. Learning some lessons from the hisory, they put the country on animportant position, and govern it benevolently by hierarchy and law. So they get thepeople’ trust, and make the society orderly. Because of their fear, hard and sinerepolitical mentality, they can find and solve the social problems and achieve themutual trust. In the traitional political culture, the spirit of the heaven and the mandateof heaven guarantee the legitimacy of the monarch.And they laid the monarch and hisofficials’ political ideal and political ethics theoretical basis. They are themetaphysical basis of the harmonious relationship between the emperor and hisofficials. And the social system is a copy of them. The hierarchy consolidates thenoble-humble relation, with determining the behavior standards of the monarch andhis ministers.The emperor Taizong of Tang and his officials are a group with high politicalrationality and strong political ability.They are also the outstanding delegates in theirgroups. So analyzing their political ideal and political ethics, we can find the activeparts of Chinese traditional political culture. Each monarch hopes to be a model in thehistory with a great achievement of unifing the political power and territory. Thisideal is a trial to his ability. And the realization of the ideal means a prosperous agecoming.The ancient monarch is often praised as the most holy and wisdom, he makesthe sages which are set by traditional political culture as a politial example. The literati-officialdom, with gentleman personality, undertake the task of supporting themonarch to manage the society. Believing in Confucianism, they use the thought todissolve the conflict between monarch and the people. But their missin is carried outvery difficultly.As a result of high political identification, the emperor Taizong ofTang and his officials achieve their political ideals. They put the public as theprinciple, use the system to define their funcaion, and warn each other to do or not todo something. They get the success in a cooperative manner. The emperor Taizong ofTang and his officials have high political qulity. Because the traditional politicalculture emphasizes the moral modeal’s effect, they practise the monarch way andservant way, and improve their moral level hard.From the perspective of political culture, this article analyses the monarch–courtiers’ reltionshiop, elaborates the people’s political status under the hierarchy,autocratic monarchy and bureaucratic system. It discusses the nature of the kingshipand the operation of it, and analysises the reasons of the contradictory betweenmonarch and his officials. With transforming the servants identity, arbitrary rulingway and hierarchy concept, we can shape the complete political identity, cultivate thecitizen moral, clear the nature of public power, and establish legal authority.Removing the negative parts of feudalism, we can achieve the comprehensiveindividual dignity with equality and freedom, and promote civic culture development.