Democracy With Chinese Characteristics

As China’s fundamental political system, People’s Congress system is guided by the classical marxism democracy thought, and the democratic theory exploration and thinking by communist party of China in the process of democratic revolution and socialist construction:adhere to the party politics, adhere to identity and unity, adhere to the maintenance of centralized and unified multi-ethnic country, is the thought source of establishing People’s Congress system; all power belongs to the people is the value source of People’s Congress system; must go socialism democratic politics road conform to China’s national conditions is the fundamental value of the People’s Congress system; power segmentation and checks against power unity principle is the basic value judgment of People’s Congress system. People’s Congress system preferences:practise democratic centralism in the state regime construction, practise a unicameral legislature, emphasize rule of law to safeguard people’s democratic.From sprout to establishment, People’s Congress system experienced a long development period, is the products of Chinese communists, particularly Mao zedong’s theories and practice. Based on the practices and experience summary for congress system of workers, peasants and soldiers in land revolution period, council system in Anti-Japanese War, people’s representative conference system in liberation war period, People’s Congress system eventually formally established. Due to the influence of the big political environment, after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, People’s Congress system also experienced a glorious birth (1954-1957), and gradually weaken (1956-1966), the serious damage(1966-1978), make great development and perfection (1978-present). Development process of twists and turns in the past nearly60years suggests that if it’s healthy development, the people are masters of the country has the guarantee, otherwise can’t guarantee people became their own masters.Able to establish in China, People’s Congress system is the inevitable choice for Chinese people after the failure of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. Highlight it in the system and the actual operation level features four aspects of democracy with Chinese characteristics:newer belief concept features not only different from separation system of powers, but also different from unity system of legislature and administration, typical industry representative features,Practice characteristics with the organic unification of party’s leadership, rule of law, people are masters of the country, open characteristic with inner-party democracy, deliberative democracy as the supplementary and complementary.Fundamentally, People’s Congress system is generally adapt to national conditions, to meet the needs of social and economic development, is a good system, should stick to it. However, since China’s reform and opening up, due to social conflicts and citizens’ consciousness of democracy tend to increase, etc, it doesn show adaptability in the part level:elections and concrete system lags behind the social structure change, can not adapt to democracy, needs to self-improvement. Only by constantly improve the People’s Congress system, in order to establish the constitutional status and function, to achieve the overall goal of the political system reform.Improve the People’s Congress system, will adhere to the unity of the democracy and efficiency goals, not only to continuously improve the democracy of People’s Congress system, but also to improve its operational efficiency and capability. Enhance democracy, it needs to improve representative division standard, optimize representative proportion, inhance the proportion of base line represents in participatory democracy level; needs to improve the conference program, change to the delegation to represent the individual as the unit for the unit, and extent the speech time, providing more speaking opportunities for every representative in procedural democracy level; needs to expand the application scope of direct election and multi-candidate election in electoral democracy level. Enhance efficiency, it needs to change the size of People’s Congress; carry out full-time system, raise representative’s political ability; strengthen the supervision function on cadres elected and appointed, major events, public finance, refine the monitor, highlight the People’s Congress in the social life and political; reform People’s Congress’s meeting institutional, made congress standing body.