The Study Of Lenin’s Cultural Theory

This paper makes a systematic study on the cultural theory of Lenin. As an encyclopedic character, Lenin always put the culture in an important position, while actively drawing from Marx, Engels and other Marx’s theory on the essence of culture, closely combined with the theme of the Russian proletarian revolution and socialist construction, constantly according to the development and changes of specific situation with great theoretical informational courage to develop innovative and creative cultural theory, analysis and solve a series of new problems appeared in the Imperial Russian society, put forward a series of new ideals in one continuous line. To deeply and systematically study Lenin’s cultural theory, the key is to accurately grasp the Lenin doctrine, but also deepen and expand Marx’s culture theory research and the practice innovation system construction of the necessary link.Study of Lenin’s cultural theory, we should not only from the historical angle, put it in the overall pattern of world history in the era of imperialism in twentieth Century, in Russia the backward, special conditions. Countries to explore the road of socialist construction, in the tortuous history to; but also stand in the modern point of view, the modern, socialist reform, for the development and prosperity of socialist culture, the modern globalization.Only in this way, can we return to the historical ontology, can we clearly outline the historical development from the historical coordinate vertical evolution to transverse development system, can we tap the theoretical construction and ideological essence in breadth and depth, can we clarify the why and how to become a theory support. Therefore, this paper focuses on the development of Lenin’s culture theory from the vertical dimension, draw the outline of Marx, Engels about cultural theory and Russian history and cultural tradition as the logic origin, development stage and continuity of unity. From the horizontal dimension of Lenin’s cultural theory, we discuss and highlight the structure, principle, function, status and value of the theory, it not only deepen the thought of the theory, but also show the times value of the theory. According to this research mentality, this article mainly from the formation and development of historical conditions, development process, content system, historical status and contemporary enlightenment of these four aspects to carry out the comprehensive investigation and systematic study of Lenin’s theory of culture.The emergence and development of any theory and thought are not passive water or wood, Lenin’s cultural theory is no exception, it has its subjective factors and objective conditions of development, it also cannot do without its support. It is gradually take shape, develop and perfect in the interaction of multiple social and historical factors. In the historical development of the era of imperialism, historical law changes lead the practice quality of Lenin’s cultural theory keeping pace with the times; in the social practice development point of view, Marx’s criticism against erroneous ideas, practical needs to guide the Russian Revolution and socialist construction, is the strong power to the development of Lenin’s theory of culture; in the theoretical origins of successive angle, Marxism and cultural theory as well as the Russian domestic cultural tradition is the theoretical source of Lenin’s cultural theory; in the subjective value point of view, firm belief, Marx’s knowledge structure, the spirit of criticism, a wide range of interests and hobbies, conscious cultural awareness is the critical internal factors.of the formation of Lenin’s theory of culture.The interaction of subjective and objective conditions show the historical inevitability of Lenin’s culrutal theory.Lenin’s theory of culture as the formation and development of a dynamic process, according to the principle of the unity of history and logic, the unity of theory and practice, we can sum up four stages of the development of Lenin’s cultural theory:inductive embryonic period, the formation period, development period and deepening period. Among them, from1893to1903Lenin order out of chaos in the field of culture in the Russian, and populist cultural debate in preliminary exploration and proposes the basic view of Lenin’s cultural theory, laid the foundation for further study of Lenin’s cultural theory. From October1903to October1917, Lenin gradually and clearly formed a theoretical system of national culture, cultural leadership, around the ups and downs of nationalism, drawed the law from general to special materialism development in the Russian Revolution Development, from this stage, Lenin’s cultural theory began to form. From November1917to November1922; Lenin promote the development of Lenin’s theory of culture in the new period of Bull J Vic’s political party, from the construction tasks, construction principles to construction part and how to develop the socialist culture comprehensively.From December1922to1923is the last moment life of Lenin. He continue develop a series of theories and views of socialist culture construction, and further promote the cultural development of Lenin theory.in a backward economy and cultural country from content and logic.As a Marx doctrine, Lenin formed a system of cultural theory which is rich in content and with unique in the great practice of Marx’s nationalization and in the formation and development of Lenin’s theory of cultural process.Lenin carried out plenty of scientific exploration and rational answer.around the cultural centers ontology, theory of practice and the culture specific culture on three levels of basic problems of cultural theory. Among them, about the cultural ontology, Lenin mainly from the four aspects of culture emphasized the cultural position and value from the connotation, basic characteristics to structure function. As to the culture conditions, Lenin stressed that culture cannot do without the practice of socialism; as to the essence of culture, Lenin thinked that culture is a concept with rich connotations who stressed from the cultural connotation to focus on psychology, custom or customary height to analyze and solve problems; as to the structure of culture, Lenin thinked that culture is an integral whole; as to the cultural function, Lenin highlighted that culture has cultural awareness and cohesion value and function; as to the cultural characteristics, Lenin believed that culture has inherited, class, critical characteristics. On the cultural theory of practice, Lenin mainly stated the basic content of cultural theory, from the task of culture construction, the main principles of cultural construction to main body of cultural construction in these three aspects. Aiming at the task of culture construction, Lenin stressed that the importance of cultural construction task is to ensure the proletarian consciousness, inspired the socialism construction smoothly and to cultivate a new generation of all-round development. Aiming at the principle of cultural construction, Lenin highlighted the emancipation of the mind is the basic principle of cultural development, integration of theory with practice is the fundamental principle of culture development. Aiming at the main body of culture construction, Lenin not only should take the people as the fundamental forces, with the leadership of the party as the core strength, but also take the intellectuals as the backbone to the construction of socialist culture. About the specific cultural theory, Lenin creatively put forward the theory of capitalist culture, cultural heritage, cultural resistance theory, cultural leadership theory and cultural revolution. Aiming at the capitalist culture theory, Lenin expounded that what is capitalist culture and how to treat capitalism culture. He highlighted the value and function of capitalist culture historical inevitability and the capitalism culture, and the demand for dialectical critical attitude towards capitalist culture. Capitalist culture as a great cultural strength, not only has the positive promotion value, but also has negative backward hysteresis. The capitalist cultural perspective based on science. Aiming at the theory of cultural heritage, Lenin specifically also highlight common cultural heritage connotation and principles and critically inheriting the literary heritage and capitalist cultural heritage, which enriched and developed the Marx’s cultural theory. Aiming at the theory of cultural resistance, Lenin emphasized the importance of village culture, Russian chauvinism, the spirit of O Bo Lo Mo J and the lack of law spirit which were the main resistance to cultural development. Aiming at the theory of cultural leadership, Lenin focus on culture value and meaning in three aspects of the leadership which from the nature, role to the system construction of the cultural leadership.Both emphasized the culture was a part of the party’s cause, attached great importance to this part and emphasized the importance of this part, and laid a solid theoretical foundation for the consolidation of the socialist results. Aiming at the cultural revolution, Lenin implemented a series of ways and measures to improve the cultural quality on the basis of emphasizing the importance of the Cultural Revolution emphatically according to the requirements of Russian public cultural dilemma, which not only reflected the development of socialism, but also highlighted the special cultural construction, pointed out the direction for the proletarian culture.Lenin’s theory of culture is formed in the broad historical background and development of the twentieth Century, but it is not the idea for yesterday, but for the present, the future, the urgent problems facing the socialist cultural construction, therefore, it has great theoretical significance and practical value, we should put it in the historical context of the era on the great significance of Lenin’s cultural theory, measure with huge balance of world history. It opened up a new realm of Marxism culture theory, elaborated innovate new treasure to Marx theory, provided a solid ideological guarantee for Soviet culture and contemporary China to create Marx’s culture of political parties, to promote cultural development prosperity, stability theory of Marx in the guiding ideology, to guarantee for the construction of socialist culture China characteristics of smooth development. At the same time, it also has some historical limitations because it influenced by history and era and other objective conditions and multiple factors, Lenin’s cultural theory has some shortcomings and lack of basic principle. From two outstanding including the contributions and historical limitations to value the historical status is not only have scientific understanding and evaluation of Lenin’s cultural theory, which can make us more aware of the importance and necessity to continue to adhere to and develop Lenin’s theory of culture in new social practice, can also provide an important theoretical source which can be used as reference for the new situation of deep promoting vigorous development and prosperity of socialist culture.