Study On Agricultural Technological Progress Induced By Policy

Agricultural science and technology is an important support of the construction of modern agriculture, which is of decisively significant for the promotion of modern agricultural process. For a long time, our country’s agricultural growth mainly follows the extensive growth mode of investment, in which high pollution, high energy consumption and low efficiency are the main characteristics of this model. Although China’s agricultural science and technology in the1990s has made great achievements, when the issue is put in the pattern of global agricultural technology, both in scientific and technological status or in the aspect of promoting technological advances in agriculture, the achievements are lagging far behind developed countries in Europe, the United States and Japan, as well as Brazil and other developing countries. The theoretical study of economic growth is highly concerned about the TFP (narrowly it is seen as scientific and technological progress contribution rate) in economic growth as an important role, which is sustainable economic growth of the power source. Domestic and foreign scholars on agricultural growth and technological advances in agriculture research, focusing on modern factors of production transformation of traditional agriculture, elements of constraint relaxation, the convergence of technical efficiency, induced technical and institutional change, have produced a large number of researches, which worth great value of important decisions and theoretical the significance, and formed a more complete analysis of the framework and the logic system. However, most of these studies follow the basic methods of the theory of economic growth, study the constitution of agricultural growth factor, and the study objects are mainly in different provinces in a specific country or region while the basic idea is to examine the timing data, empirical technological advances in agriculture research path, efficiency, variance analysis and other issues. From the micro-perspective with the current or spot data, In addition to the study on the behavior of peasant’s technology choice, any work to study the technological advances in agriculture relative completely has not yet been found. Under normal circumstances, if we do not follow the agricultural growth time frame of technological advances in agriculture, and if we are neither concerned about the historical path of technological progress in agriculture, nor focused on the changes in the benefits generated by the technological advances in agriculture, in stead, if we study the formation of induced mechanism and role of agricultural technological progress only from the rapid achievement of technological advances in agriculture by the power of the policy, we will generate new understanding and awareness, and we are able to open up new research horizons, enrich and perfect academic achievements in this field.Technological progress will not be made without reason, and the technological advance in agriculture is an open system and a dynamic process of development, agricultural technology together with other elements contributes to the development of agriculture. On the basis of combining the literature, this study investigates the inducing role of policy to promote technological advances in agriculture from induced innovation angle. The basic framework in the study is to make improvements of the paradigmatic models on the basis of the general equilibrium relationship between resource endowments, cultural endowments and technical and institutional from Hayami Woo Jiro and Vernon Ratan, the study makes policy variables replace cultural endowments, in other words, the study uses policy variables as basis points to build a new model start-induced innovation model (policy induced agricultural technological progress theoretical model), focused on the formation, the internal mechanism, The direction changing of the agricultural technological progress and direct reflection of policy-induced mechanism. Accordingly, the design of the overall objective of the study is to examine the main production scale, the investment scale, the subsidy fund revenue, profit margins, plant varieties device technology acquisition, technical staff relevant and important data of the employed labor force training of94facilities, greenhouses production, facilities from efficiency theory and the theory of induced innovation theory, and investigate greenhouse vegetable production efficiency, scale status of individual producers and scale efficiency, technical efficiency, allocating efficiency, cost efficiency, Scale return promoted by the policies. Based on the related efficiency value, with a combination of production function, the study mensurates the TFP, outlines the internal mechanism of the carding policy-induced agricultural technology progress. From the perspective about the relationship between policy and capital, inspects the rate of, agricultural technology progress, based on the changes in factor inputs, analysises the direction changes of agricultural technology progress, based on the case mainly to analysis the agricultural technology progress path and supporting mechanism, then draws conclusions and finds out the main areas of concern that the follow-up research must be focused on. Studies include eight parts, which are topics based on the literature review, the technological advances in agriculture and facilities greenhouse vegetable development, the theoretical basis of the analytical framework, agricultural efficiency measure, the direction changes of agricultural technology progress, the agricultural technology progress path and supporting mechanism,etc. The main findings and conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)With the logistic regression model, investigates the influencing factors of the agrotechnique using benefit on policy; technique, resource and social network. The study shows that:the using benefit of agrotechnique relying on policy largely, depends largely on the role of artisan and the improving of the labor skill; good social relationships are contributed to the benefit, the contribution is embodied more to help producer obtain high quality resources and improve the financing ability; regional economic development level and producer’s economic capacity have great significance on the benefit, generally speaking, the more developed the economy, the more stronger of the of the producer’s economic capacity, the using benefit of agrotechnique would be further improved.(2)The study examines the scale efficiency of agricultural production under the premise of constant scale returns and variable returns with DEA analysis methods, combining the mutual relations of technical efficiency, allocating efficiency, cost efficiency. The study shows that:①the lack of large-scale agricultural efficiency. Researches have been focused on this analysis and demonstration from the applicability of the scale of production and management (to solve organizational management costs), factor mobility (solve the problem of resource elements configured), and asset specificity (to solve the problem of transaction costs);②the combination of production factors have been significantly optimized. The mean technical efficiency, the mean allocating efficiency and the mean cost efficiency reach1,0.975and0.975respectively, which means that facilities greenhouse production could process along the minimum input combinations curve, with a strong domination of the main production in the combination input factors and a small loss of factor allocation efficiency, multi-factor production complement each other and promote each other.③The efficiency of large-scale agricultural and increasing scale returns can co-exist. With the influence of the positive externalities, the behavior of the individual consciousness induced the collective conscious behavior, and engendering the social production functions, mainly on the adjustment of elements, the fixed technological changes, the free diffusion of new technology and new varieties, thus promoting agricultural production in a reasonable range boundary outward, postponing the coming of diminishing returns, promoting the generation of more huge-scale macro-production generating function, forming the coexistence of enterprise level increasing returns to scale (constant, decreasing) and social level of economies of scale.(3)The study uses the growth accounting method to determine the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress, uses the production function analyses the rate of agricultural technology progress. The study shows that:①the contribution of agricultural science and technology to the increase of greenhouse vegetable facilities is inevitable (the contribution rate reaches over60%), which mainly thanks to effective policy guidance and policy incentives. In fact, a good policy design is not to subsidize the research, extension and application of a product (varieties) or a technical price subsidy or price support for the final product, but to subsidize a concept of agriculture and costs in the production process to give the production operators more choice space;②Based on the influence of the policy power, the rate of the agricultural technology progress increases significantly In the policy the power of influence, which confirmed the public or quasi-public attribute of agricultural technology in a sense.(4)Using theoretical analysis, comparative analysis and the survey data to explain the substitution of capital for labor and land technological progress changes direction as well as the principle of factor substitution. The study shows that:①The capital/labor ratio, capital/and ratio increasing continuously, caused mainly by the relative factor price changes, the input bias promotes the vegetable industry develops in capital intensive direction, and in technology intensive development requires a period time, but the vegetable industry upgrading trend has been very obvious;②With the continuous improvement of the capital/labor ratio, the capital/land ratio, facilities greenhouse vegetable industry escalation gradually, the trend of the development of capital-intensive has been shown but the development of technology-intensive requires a long process;③There are close relationship between the resource productivity and agricultural technology progress, they are interacted and improved each other, this is the important performance on the agricultural technology progress endogenous.(5)In the case of technological progress route of Fuzhou Facilities vegetable to describe the agricultural technology progress path induced by the policy; in the case of Fuqing’s development of greenhouse vegetable facilities to describe the supporting mechanism induced by the policy; The study analyses dependence form of technical elements, design the support system of technological advances in agriculture from the perspectives of production function, productivity multiplier, total factor productivity. The study shows that:①The policy plays a large role in the technological advances in agriculture. Policies can promote factor mobility combinatorial optimization, enhance resources and system compatibility, and improve the efficiency of large-scale agricultural, especially inducing the formation of a support system to promote technological advances in agriculture, and continues to play a great role in the process of agricultural production;②The land circulation mechanism, the capital investment mechanism, the training mechanism and the driving mechanism, which formed under the influence of policy, plays an important role in the agricultural production process Continually, and meanwhile provides supporting system;③Policy guidances more capital investment capital makes other factors of production more efficient alternative, and it is possible to speed up the process of technological progress in exponential form time to technological progress, and it brings further breakthroughs in inelastic supply constraints of agricultural production factors, realizing varieties of technical alternative quick update, the rapid accumulation of human capital, the substantial increase of the profits of the industry social capital-led.The study also describes the relationship between technological advances in agriculture and agricultural product price elasticity of demand, policy institutional arrangements, the world’s agricultural frontier science and technology from economic theory, data, and literature etc and points out the clear focus of the follow-up study and direction, and research ideas to solve the shortcomings in the study.