Study Of The Temperature Characteristics Of Nitrogen Vacancy Center In Diamond

The development of science and technology leads to the study of physical pro-cesses at nanoscale,which is usually described by quantum mechanics.In this case,classical measurement technology is difficult to meet the requirements of nanoscale measurement.Therefore,based on quantum coherence,quantum statistics and quan-tum dynamics evolution process,the quantum measurement technology is proposed and applied in the nanoscale measurement.Among lots of quantum systems,the Nitrogen-Vacancy(NV)color center in diamond is one of the most promising candidates for the nanoscale quantum measurement technology.NV center have lots of unique properties,such as chemically inertia,fluorescence stabilization under broad temperature,magnetic field and laser power,and long elec-tron spin coherence time even at room temperature.Moreover,the NV center electron spin state can be polarized and operated using laser and microwave.Besides quantum communication and quantum computation,NV center has become a good candidate for the researches of quantum measurement for physical and biological applications.In this thesis,we have performed a series of experiments on N V center to study the physical mechanism and application in magnetic field and temperature measurement.10 We made a correction of the universal method of measuring second order corre-lation function.The NV center samples were prepared by ion beam implantation with PMMA mask,which is easy to find the ensemble NV centers as mask and addressing single NV center.Using the home-built scanning optical structures to realize the ad-dressing and detection of single NV center.In order to measure the performance of single NV center,we measured the second order correlation function.The universal method of measuring second order correlation function is simple,but the measurement results has some errors with theory results,which will affect the measurement of NV center dynamics evolution.For this purpose,we proposed a modified formula to correct the results of the general measurement method,so as to obtain a more accurate second order correlation function.2.We studied the influence of magnetic field for a single NV center,which can realize magnetic field measurement using a single NV center.The measurement of the static magnetic field is realized by using the optically detected magnetic resonance technique or the Ramsey sequence,and the spin echo sequence is used to measure the alternating magnetic field.We mainly studied the measurement of the static magnetic field by the optically detected magnetic resonance technique,and the optimization of the measurement method can obtain higher sensitivity.3.We proposed a modified Varshni empirical formula to describe the temperature dependent NV center energy.The ground state energy level is influenced by temper-ature,thus we can realize the measurement of temperature field by using NV center.Many research is based on high spatial resolution and single photon source character-istic,so we measured single NV center energy level splitting depend on temperature.The diamond material has many special properties compare to semiconductor materials,so that the temperature property of NV center is not well fitted with Varshni empirical formula.For this purpose,we proposed a modified Varshni empirical formula,which can fit the experimental results well in the temperature range of 0-700K.It can also fit the zero phonon line of NV centers and other defects in diamond in the variation with temperature.This provided a very good reference value for the future research on temperature measurement of NV center and other defects in diamond.4.We used N V centers to measure the temperature dependence of surface plasmon polariton.The coupling of surface plasmon polariton with NV center has a significan-t impact on properties of NV center.We measured the fluorescence lifetime of NV center with gold film in different distances,and found the fluorescence lifetime of NV center decay exponential with distance.The coupling distance of NV centers is only nanometer scale,which is less than the surface plasmon polariton propagation distance along the interface.So using the coupling of surface plasmon polariton with NV center may realize coupling of NV centers with long distance.The fluorescence lifetime of NV center hardly changes with temperature at low temperature range.When the NV centers and surface plasmon polariton coupling,the dielectric constant of gold depends on temperature,so that the local density of states will change with temperature.We measured the fluorescence lifetime of the coupling system at low temperature range,and found a significant temperature dependence of fluorescence lifetime of NV centers.Through the experimental study above,we have a deeper understanding of some basic properties of N V center.And also we have realized the measurement of magnetic field and temperature field using NV center.