Study On NH₃ Escape Law And Its Inhibition Technology Duing Ammonia Leakage Emergency Disposal

Recently,ammonia leakage occurs more frequently,especially in ammonia-related refrigeration enterprises.However,by field investigation,the effect of emergency disposal for ammonia leakage is found very poor.After absorbed by water,NH₃ can escape again from the water to form new danger source or pollution source because of the characteristics such as flammable,explosive,toxic,corrosive.Therefore,after ammonia leakage occurrence,to take effective emergency measures for fully absorbing NH₃ and avoiding NH₃ escapeis greatly significant to reduce property losses,or protect people's life.In order to clarify the NH₃ escape law and inhibitionmechanism during ammonia leakage emergency disposal,theoretical research,experimental analysis and numerical calculation and other means are used in this paper.In this paper,there are five main research results:1)Through analyzing the occurring process of ammonia leakage,the key point of emergency disposal is concluded,which is to control the gaseous NH₃ at the first time.Based on the double membrane theory,the NH₃ mass transfer model during ammonia leakage emergency disposal is constructed,by which the two source ofescape NH₃ are identified.2)Based on the mass transfer equation and the reaction kinetics theory,the theoretical model of NH₃ escape rate and NH₃ escape amount is deduced under four assumptions,and the main parameters influencing NH₃ escape in emergency disposal are clarified.3)The effects of concentration and temperature on NH₃ escape are investigated through the experimental means.The experimental results show that the concentration and temperature have significant positive correlation with escape rate and amount.And the result of fitting analysis shows that the experimental results are valid.Therefore,the calculation equations of NH₃ escape rate and escape amount during emergency disposal are revealed.4)The inhibition ability of different metal ions is experimently studied,which shows that Al³⁺ and Ni²⁺ can effectively inhibit the escape of NH₃.However,Ni²⁺ and Mg²⁺,Ni²⁺ and Mg²⁺ can not be used in combination.Through product analysis and discussion,it is suggested that Al³⁺ is better than Ni²⁺ to be used to optimize ammonia leakage emergency disposal technology.5)The inhibition ability of different acids is experimently studied,which shows that the citric acid can not only effectively inhibit the escape of NH₃,but also meet the PH requiremet of ammonia leakage emergency disposal site.Moreover,the citric acid belongs to solid acid which is much easier to store and transport.Therefore,it is recommended to be used in the ammonia leakage emergency disposal process.