Chemical Composition And Biological Activity Of Polyphenols Extracted From The Stems And Leaves Of Sphallerocarpus Gracilis

Recently,screening and separation functional components of strong biological activity from natural plant resources,analysis and evaluation their biological activity and mechanism has become a research hotspots in food science,biology and medical fields.Sphallerocarpus gracilis(S.gracilis)is a perennial member of the Apiaceae family,Perennial herb,the whole plant can be used as medicine or food.the entire S.gracilis plant was generally used to treat rheumatic arthritis,tetanus and ulcers;in addition,this plant also had a health-promoting effect when used as a traditional Chinese medicine.such as clearing and activating the channels and collaterals,soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen,nourishing the blood and improving the level of vital energy.It was considered as a very promising medicinal and edible plants.In this paper,the S.gracilis stems and leaves of Gansu Province were used as raw materials.The extraction and purification technology of polyphenols compounds from S.gracilis stems and leaves were optimized.The polyphenol composition was clarified by HPLC-MS-MS,and the potential biological activities of polyphenols also studied.In addition,the orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the preparation process of healthy wine of S.gracilis.Combined with the sensory assessment to determine the best proportion of the health wine.The results are expected to provide a scientific basis for further development and exploitation of S.gracilis resources.The main research results of this paper are as follows:1.SGsIP was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction technology.On the basis of single factor experiments,the extraction process was optimized through the response surface method.The optimal conditions for SGslP extraction were 75%of ethanol,70 ? of extraction temperature,1:35 of solid-liquid ratio and 30 min of extraction time.After validation test for this condition,the average yield of SGslP was 1.14%.2.Through static adsorption and desorption experiments,the X-5 resin was selected from eight macroporous adsorption resin with different polarities for the purification of the SGslP.By analyzing the static adsorption and desorption parameters.The best purification condition was as follows:initial concentrations in sample solution of 2.0 mg/mL,pH of 2.0 and feeding speed of 1.5 mL/min and the amount of eluent was 400 mL.After one treatment run with the X-5 resin,the content of the SGslP increased 5.11-fold from 8.29%to 42.38%.3.A method using HPLC-MS/MS for the PSGslP determination was established.The chemical composition of the PSGslP was analyzed by HPLC-MS-MS,and the predominant compounds were found to be luteolin-7-O-glucoside(3.16 ± 0.25 mg L7G/g DW),acacetin-7-O-acetylgalactoside(0.21 ± 0.02 mg L7G/g DW),acacetin-7-O-acetylgalactoside isomer 1(0.11 ± 0.01 mg L7G/g DW)and acacetin-7-O-acetylgalactoside isomer 1(0.67 ± 0.03 mg L7G/g DW).4.The results of antioxidant test showed that PSGslP had a strong scavenging ability on DPPH free radical.Compared with Vc and BHT with the same concentrations,the scavenging rate of PSGslP on DPPH radical was significantly higher than BHT but slightly lower than Vc.In addition,in the ?-carotene/linoleic acid system,the PSGslP and BHT with different concentrations showed significant inhibiting ability to prevent the fading of ?-carotene,meanwhile Vc showing a poor antioxidant effect.What's more,PSGslP showed a good scavenging ability on hydroxyl radicals and nitrite.Meanwhile,no significant difference was observed between PSGslP and BHT with the same concentrations.Except that,PSGslP exhibit a weak reducing ability,which was far below the reducing ability of BHT and Vc with the same concentrations.5.PSGslP exhibited significant protective activities against both ROO· and ·OH radical-induced DNA damage.And under the same concentrations,PSGslP showed a stronger inhibitory activity against ROO radical-induced damage than ·OH radical-induced damage.50 ?g/mL PSGslP showed the highest protection rate to both of them.Results show that PSGslP could effectively prevent the damage caused by these two free radicals against human DNA.6.Both the PSGslP and acarbose(positive control)showed an inhibit activity on a-glucosidase,which was with a dose-dependent manner.The IC50 values of the inhibit activity was 278.68 ?g/mL for PSGslP,and 8.88 ?g/mL for acarbose.Hence,compared with acarbose,the inhibit activity on a-glucosidase of PSGslP was weak.In addition,we also found that PSGslP had no inhibitory effect on a-amylase.7.Oral administration of PESG(200 and 400 mg/kg/bw)daily to mice for 21 days had protective effect against the CCl4-mediated hepatocellular injury.And the effect of PSGslP with high dose group(400 ?g/mL PSGslP)show the best effect,which could significantly inhibit the increase of the AST,ALT,TC,TG,TBIL and AKP activity in serum,the liver index,and the MDA level in liver.Except that,it could also significantly improved the activity of SOD,CAT and GSH.What's more,the histopathological finding was also consistent with the biochemical results.8.The liver protective effect of PSGsIP was reconfirmed by establishing a CCl4 model of BRL rat hepatocyte injury.Results showed that PSGslP with different doses all had a certain protective effect on BRL rat hepatocyte injury.And the effect of PSGslP with high dose group(100 ?g/mL PSGslP)show the best effect.9.A new type of health wine containing S.gracilis which both have a good taste and health care was developed.Using red wine as the base wine,and adding 10%extracting solution of SGslP,0.2%citric acid,and 15%sugar,the health wine performed the best sensory quality.In addition,in vitro antioxidant experiments showed that the health wine containing S.gracilis had a higher antioxidant activity compared with ordinary wine.