Environmental Protection Of Vegetable Growers From The Perspective Of Intrinsic Motivation

The modern agricultural production elements such as pesticides,fertilizers and plastic film has made a great positive contribution to the production of agricultural products in China.However,the irrational use of pesticides,fertilizers and the improper handling of agricultural production wastes have also cased the agricultural environmental pollution and the risk of food safety.In the long run,it is also harmful to the increasing production of agriculture and farmers' income.In the context of the deterioration of the agricultural environment and the increasing demand for safe agricultural products in China,agricultural environmental protection has become an unavoidable problem in the development of Chinese agricultural economy in the new period.To this end,academia has been exploring for many years,and the source of governance is the key to the improvement of agricultural environment.Furthermore,the key to the source of governance is to change the irrational agricultural production behavior of farmers.From the theoretical point of view,many scholars tend to believe that agricultural environmental protection compensation is an effective method.First,compensation subsidizes the opportunity cost of farmers.Second,Ecological compensation can also reduce poverty.However,ecological compensation for agricultural environmental protection is possible when there are a lot of agricultural population in China? Compensation will be a huge burden for national finance,on the contrary,the effect of compensation on farmers is small.Is the economic incentive the only way to motivate farmers to protect the agricultural environment? Is economic incentive economically effective? Due to the lack of theoretical framework of farmers' agricultural environmental protection behavior,the relevant research is still insufficient.The starting point of ecological compensation lies in motivating the external motivation of farmer's agricultural environmental protection to realize the purpose of farmer's agricultural environmental protection.From the point of view of individual behavior motivation,farmers' agricultural environmental protection behavior is not only coming from extrinsic motivation,but also coming from intrinsic motivation.The difference lies in the difference between the two motivations.From this point of view,this paper discusses whether farmers' intrinsic motivation could change their behavior.To realize this goal,based on the motivation crowding theory and the theory of planned behavior,this paper conducts a framework of farmers' agricultural environmental protection behavior,at the same time,a total of 1057 vegetable growers from Shaanxi,Shanxi,Shandong and Henan provinces and 266 vegetable growers from Shouguang and Taibai county are randomly selected,traditional frequency statistics and Bayesian statistics are used to check whether farmers' intrinsic motivation could change their agricultural environmental protection behavior.Furthemore,wheher the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of farmers' agricultural environmental protection is compatible is also tested.The relationship between the internal motivation,the willingness and the behavior of the farmers' agricultural environmental protection are validated.Finally,the suggestions are proposed.The main conclusions of this paper are:Firstly,the intrinsic motivation of vegetables growers' agricultural environmental protection behavior comes from responsibility.Based on theoretical analysis,the intrinsic motivation of the agricultural environmental protection of the vegetable growers is divided into two dimensions,which are the intrinsic motivation based on the sense of pleasure and the intrinsic motivation based on the sense of responsibility,and to verify its impact on agricultural environmental protection willingness and behavior.The results show that the intrinsic motivation based on pleasure is unstable and not significant,the intrinsic motivation based on responsibility does not have a significant effect on each behavior,but its direction is positive.It is believed that the agricultural environmental protection may not be a pleasure thing for the growers,and their intrinsic motivation to protect the agricultural environment stems from a sense of responsibility.Secondly,farmers' higher extrinsic motivation of agricultural environmental protection has a significant positive impact on their willingness and behavior of agricultural environmental protection,which means that it is difficult to let farmers pay for agricultural environmental protection.The willingness and behavior of farmers to protect the agricultural environment is not only coming from their intrinsic motivation,farmers' higher extrinsic motivation also has a significant positive impact on their willingness and behavior.This result confirms the current rationality of ecological compensation theory from the microcosmic point of view.It is also find that vegetable growers' higher extrinsic motivation of gricultural environmental protection significantly increase their willingness to protect agricultural environment,but have a significant negative impact on the willingness of the growers' paying for the environment.Farmers are willing to protect the agricultural environment,but do not want to pay.Chinese farmers' incomes are relatively low in the current,farmers' extrinsic incentive for agricultural environmental protection is more likely to stimulate.But may cause farmers' higher extrinsic motivation of agricultural environmental protection.Making it difficult for farmers to pay for the conservation.Thirdly,the intrinsic motivation based on responsibility has a significant effect on the willingness and behavior of farmers to protect the agricultural environment.The results show that the intrinsic motivation based on responsibility has a significant positive impact on the willingness and behavior of growers in both types of vegetable growers,except for non-pollution vegetable growers' pesticide bottle handling behavior and two types of vegetable growers' fertilizer bag handling behavior.This result confirms that economic incentive for agricultural environmental protection behavior of growers is not the only way,even not a cost-effective method.Fourthly,there is a risk of ecological compensation for agricultural environmental protection.From the farmers' willingness to protect the agricultural environment,the synergistic effect of the intrinsic motivation based on the responsibility and the external motivation of the farmers' environmental protection is not significant for the agricultural environmental protection.From the farmers' behavior to protect the agricultural environment,the synergistic effect of the intrinsic motivation based on the responsibility and the external motivation of the farmers' environmental protection is not significant for the agricultural environmental protection.Indicating that the intrinsic motivation based on responsibility is not compatible with the extrinsic motivation of agricultural environmental protection.This result also means that economic incentive lead to "protect the agricultural environment for money".Once the economic incentive stops,farmers intrinsic motivation is difficult to recover,it may cause the disappearance or even degradation of the agricultural environmental protection behavior of the growers.There is a risk of implementing ecological compensation.Fifthly,there are direct and indirect effects of intrinsic motivation on agricultural environmental protection.Higher internal motivation based on responsibility contributes to the transformation of farmers' agricultural environmental protection from intentions into behavior.On the basis of the verification of farmers' environmental protection based on the intrinsic motivation of responsibility on farmers' willingness and behavior,this paper further analyzed the relationship between the three factors,it is found that the intrinsic motivation of farmers' environmental protection based on sense of responsibility has both direct and indirect effects on agricultural environmental protection behavior.Indirect effects are the intrinsic motivation based on the sense of responsibility affecting the willingness of agricultural environmental protection,and thus affecting the behavior.The synergistic effect of farmers' intrinsic motivation based on sense of responsibility and willingness of agricultural environmental protection has a significant positive impact on agricultural environmental protection behavior.Indicating that the intrinsic motivation based on the sense of responsibility has a significant positive effect on the transformation of agricultural environmental protection from intention to behavior.The results of the above studies are existed after further analysis of quasi-experimental design.The results provide a feasible way to realize the transformation from farmers' agricultural environmental willingness to behavior.