Carbon Effect Evaluation Of Site Planning Scheme In Urban Settlements And Research System Reconstruction Of Low-carbon Planning

Planning evaluation is the rising research in recent years, which is the important technical means in planning. It can examine and control the quality of programs, predicting and controling the risk in construction and operation. With the rise of low-carbon conception and low-carbon planning thought, the low-carbon program evaluation began to receive more attention from academic planning field, "Carbon assessment" becomes a hot research following the "EIA", "green assessment". Recently, in the new rising countries, especially in China, high-speed construction of urban settlements is one of the important causes of current high carbon emission. carbon-sinks process directly affect the quality of the residents' work and life. In this context, carbon effect evaluation of the settlements planning gradually becomes an important tool for countries to respond to climate change and control carbon circulation in the construction, which brings out the new requirements for existing national technical specifications of the settlements planning.This paper examines the basic technical requirements which are needed by settlements site planning under the low-carbon guide.It also reviews applicable regulations and standards in the existing settlements planning and rethinks the main difficulties in low-carbon planning. On the basis of above researches, this paper adopts coherent and comprehensive research methods and learns from building technology, environmental engineering, ecology and other related disciplines. It extracts the quantitative research about carbon and carbon sequestration factors and algorithm in energy, materials, soil, plants and water bodies, etc. Through field testing and data analysis on the settlements in Guanzhong Area, this paper studied the LCA theory and methods of carbon effect evaluation in settlements site planning, and designed the evaluation system and standard value of the program carbon effects in order to deduces econometric model of the carbon sinks effect emphatically. Then, the paper detected and assessed low-carbon performance in the existing site planning cases on the basis of evaluation model application, and adjusted the original program in accordance with the requirements of low-carbon planning so as to puts forward the content and technical countermeasures of low-carbon planning. Finally, based on three levels: macro-level of planning legislation, meso-level of planning process, micro-level of planning techniques, it constructed research framework and methodology of low-carbon settlements site planning.1)Through the case research and data management, this paper revealed temporal mechanism of carbon process in the settlements and mechanism of the settlements site planning to life cycle carbon process after the implementation of the project, mines and measures the carbon sinks factors in the various stages of the life cycle in the settlements of Guanzhong Area, and finally formed methodically existing parameters of program evaluation.2) This paper discoursed the settlements life cycle assessment theory, the settlements low-carbon scenario analysis theory.It discussed emphatically regional theory of the settlements carbon effects and tentatively proposes adaptive algorithm of carbon effect regional indicators in various stages of the life cycle in the settlements.3)Based on the reflection of the current low-carbon technical specifications and against characteristics of carbon effect evaluation, this paper constructed the standard evaluation system of the settlements planning in Guanzhong Area containing 11 core indicators from several dimensions including the functional units, proportional relationship, space form, etc. Situational analysis and parametric design of evaluation factors were also carried out.4) Adopting coherent comprehensive research methods, this paper combined adaptive algorithm of regional indicators with low-carbon scenario design theory, respectively from carbon and carbon sinks. It deduced the full life-cycle carbon effect calculation model in the settlements of Guanzhong Area in stages and formed “sources and sinks synchronization” algorithm system.5)Selecting three settlements in the Guanzhong area, covering three rating scale including residential area, small residential area, residential group, applying above evaluation model, this paper detected and analysed low-carbon performance of settlements site planning under the baseline scenario. It adjusted the original scheme in accordance with the requirements of low-carbon planning and then re-evaluates the scheme. Finally, it tested evaluation model, and proposed technical thinking of program low-carbon optimization at the same time.6)On the basis of theoretical derivation to planning carbon-assessment, model checking and type summary, the paper constructed research framework and methodology of low-carbon settlements site planning and explores basic technology for low-carbon settlements planning from three levels including macro-level of planning legislation, meso-level of planning process, micro-level of planning techniques.Through these studies, this paper constructed the full life-cycle carbon effect calculation model of the settlements planning with regional suitability, and created “sources and sinks synchronization” algorithm system and “change simultaneously” optimization strategies. It tried to form innovation from several aspects: regional theoretical exploration on carbon effect evaluation, index system design on planning program carbon effect evaluation, carbon sinks algorithm system construction of the program's full life-cycle, low-carbon adjustment of regulation system in settlements planning and low-carbon design strategies of settlements site planning. It can evaluate quantitatively the low-carbon settlements site planning and reconstruct overall research framework of carbon adaptation in the regulatory system, running system, technology system of the settlements planning. These researches can provide technical guides for the carbon effect evaluation of the settlements planning program, adjustment for research system of low-carbon planning, theoretical preparation for carbon suitability adjustment of the relevant technical standards and specifications and research framework, theory reference and basic technology for low-carbon adaptation of the related technical documents in the fields of urban planning and architectural design.