| Rice is China's major food crops,and wheat,potatoes,corn tied into China's four main staple food,and long-term in the first position in China's grain production occupies an extremely important position.Compared with rice transplanting mode,rice direct seeding has the advantages of saving labor and saving efficiency,and the area of rice live is increasing year by year.Especially,rice seed planting technology is developing rapidly.At the same time suitable for direct seeding rice varieties continue to be promoted,the quality of reliable,cost-effective,it is urgent that research a kind of Rice Seed directing precision seeder equipment.Currently live agronomic requirements for Precision direct hole sowing per hole 5 to 8 seed rice conventional rice planting,rice production in order to achieve a simplified light,specialization,scale and improve the level of mechanization of production of rice,developed a seeded using The ear spoon active scoop species,gravity seeding,synchronous flexible care and ejection injection of rice Precision direct hole sowing seeding device,and rice directing precision seeder is designed based on this seed device to meet the conventional rice field point live of the planting needs.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the current situation of Precision direct hole sowing of rice at home and abroad,this paper,for the agronomic requirements of the conventional rice field,the theoretical analysis and computer simulation test is carried out based on the characteristics of three varieties of Rice Seed suitable for direct seeding,The main contents of this study are as follows:(1)Study on properties of rice seedThe rice varieties suitable for direct seeding in Heilongjiang Province were selected as follows: Longqing rice 2 Longqing rice 3 and Longdao 6 were used as the research object.The material properties of the rice cultivars were tested by soaking and germination.The mechanical properties of three kinds of Rice Seed,such as three-axis size,1000-grain weight,angle of repose,sliding friction coefficient,internal friction coefficient and elastic modulus,were studied,the experimental study on the relationship between the cutting length and the seedling growth was carried out,which provided the reference for the design of the key component parameters and the computer simulation analysis.(2)Mechanism analysis and Design of Seed Barrier for Spray-type Ear Spoon Rice Seed GermplasmBased on the seeding method,the mechanical seeder was designed to meet the requirement of Precision direct hole sowing of Rice Seed.In this paper,the direct seeding method of using the picking ear spoon and the ejecting and feeding is put forward for the first time to solve the problem that the Rice Seed are poor in flowability and difficult to be taken.The structural parameters and working parameters of the key components of the metering device were analyzed and determined.The dynamics and kinematics model of Rice Seed in seed stage were analyzed,and the dynamics and movement of rice shoots were analyzed,the mechanism of seed sorting was explored,and the structural parameters of the key components were optimized and optimized.(3)Simulation Analysis of Seed Production Performance Based on Discrete Element Method and EDEMThe model of seed germination and three varieties of rice seed were established by means of CATIA and EDEM software.The velocity,force and displacement of rice bud simulation model were obtained by simulating the scoop stage of the metering device.The single-factor virtual test was carried out to analyze the performance of the scoop and the scoop,preliminary screening of the performance of the selection of significant performance parameters,and the trial prototype of the trial production for the subsequent bench performance test and field trials to prepare.(4)Performance analysis and test of seed metering device based on high-speed photographyWith the help of JPS-12 seeding performance test rig,the high-speed photography technology was used to photograph the working process of the seeder.The trajectories of Rice Seed were discriminated by high-speed photography and image target tracking technique.The movement state and trajectory of the Rice Seed were obtained under the condition of different working speed.At the same time,the trajectories of shoots were obtained under different working speed conditions,and the trajectory fitting trajectories of Rice Seed were established,which provided the basis for the design of key components.(5)Performance test and field test of seed metersIn order to get the best working parameter combination of the seeder,to the seeder working speed and height of the height as the main factor,the rice seed of Longqing rice 2,Longqing rice 3 and Longdao 6 were used as experimental subjects,based on the qualifying index,the replay index and the sowing index,the single factor and the multi-factor orthogonal rotation combination test were carried out respectively,the mathematic model of seed performance and test parameters was established.The test results were analyzed by Design-Expert 8.0.6 software and validated the experimental results to examine its design science and rationality.The performance test results show that the seeding efficiency is 92.58%,the replay index is 6.61%,and the sowing index is 1.76% when the seeding speed is 23.52 r/min and the height is 70 mm.According to the requirement of direct seeding of rice seed,the paper chooses the rice precision acupoints direct seeding device,and takes Longqingdao 3 as the live object and make sure its under the working condition,the results of field experiment showed that the average number of qualified indexes of rice shoots was 85.33%,the mean value of the number of replantations was 5.09%,the mean value of the number of leaks was 9.08%,the average damage rate was 0.30%,the range of pitch is 143-156 mm,which can meet the agronomic requirements of Precision direct hole sowing of rice seed. |
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