Technology Research On Improving Artificial Insemination Conception Rate In Sika Deer

The purpose of this study is to further improve the conception rate of artificial insemination,to produce an advantage of improved varieties in Sika Deer,so as to promote the theoretical reference and practical technical support for applicating artificial inseminating technology,and to add some gaps on deer breeding research.In this article,the reproductive rule of Sika Deer were studied.the result have shown that Sika Deer seasonal estrus rule in Heilongjiang Province,basically is in early October to enter the estrus period,and the concentrated estrus period is from early October to early November;proestrus group is from early October to mid of October around;oestrus peak is from mid of October to early November.The late estrus is in November later.The duration of oestrus is 18.35±2.97 hours on average,the range is between 14 hours and 25.53 hours,and the duration time of oestrus concentrated in 14-22 hours which accounting 90.32%.The estrous cycle is 14.53±4.07days on average,and the range is between 6 days and 21 days.The postpartum estrus time is 128.75 ± 8.42 days,and the range is between 106 days and 144 days.The gestation period is 239.28 ± 9.57 days,and the range is between 223 days and 260 days.The investigation shows that the changes of the reproductive rule in Sika Deer is relatively fixed in a certain area,it is not a fixed time,but is distributed in a relatively fixed range for duration of oestrus,estrous cycle,postpartum estrus time and gestation period.On factors of conception rate of Sika Deer artificial insemination,under the premise of ensuring qualified semen,the experiment results has shown there is no significant difference in conception rate between different kinds of semen and different male deer semen(P>0.05).For the effect of doe body condition on conception rate,the experiment showed the highest conception rate is 93.33%and the lowest is 37.03%among 2-6 years old different age of participation,the estrus rate of deer is 93.8%,75.0%and 4.4%respectively in different age,the conception rate of postpartum estrus is from 0.0%to 100.0%respectively in different stages,there is a significant difference between conception rate group(P<0.01),the conception rate of uterine deer is 11.6%in the first estrus period,it is deeply undervalued.For the effect of stress on conception rate,the estrus rate of acclimatization deer is 73.86%,which is 7.65%higher than that of non-acclimatization groups.The rate of relapse,abortion and the estrus irregularity rate is 30.2%,4.7%and 38.5%,respectively in the stress group,whose indicators are higher than that in non-stress group which was 22.5%,2.5%,22.2%respectively.For the effect of estrus identification on conception rate,using estrus detection of male deer,synchronous estrus,vaginal cell examination,human observation and combination method to make estrus identification of insemination,the rate of conception is 80%,42.63%,67.39%,52.0%,50.0%,71.43%respectively,and there are significant differences between the two groups in estrus rate(p<0.01).The conception rate of ordinary frozen semen is 83.3%,51.9%within 1h and 1h outside of mating,there are significant differences between the two groups in conception rate(p<0.01),and the conception rate of sexual frozen semen is 100%,88.5%,88.9%and 50.0%respectively from 1hto 4h outside of mating,there is significant differences in conception rate at different time of insemination.The comparison of conception rate of different insemination doses shows that sperm dosage has influence to the conception rate,but each time the sperm doses to ensure effective sperm count,when more than 2 million,will not result in greater difference(P>0.05).The research has shown that artificial insemination position as part priority is corpus uteri>uterine horn>cervix uterine,Cervical three fold>cervix two fold>cervix,there are significant differences in conception rate between different parts.The research has shown that artificial insemination way as part priority is rectovaginal technique>vagina opener method>laparoscopic method,there are significant differences in conception rate between different ways.For the effect of insemination methods on conception rate,the conception rate of congenital estrus is 45.71%,and the male infertility conception rate was 63.89%,there are significant differences in conception rate between different methods(p<0.01).Research has shown that the doe body condition,estrus identification,sperm time and the artificial insemination method is an important factor improving conception rate.On method of raising conception rate of Sika Deer artificial insemination,the tests has shown that the rate of estrus is 78.3%in pre-mating pre-breeding group,which is 11.6%higher than that in normal feeding group which is 66.7%.It is confirmed that optimal feeding in the pre-breeding period could speed up the recovery of the breeding environment to make the concentration period of estrus in advance and the improvement of estrus rate indirectly ensures a high conception rate of insemination.The key factors affecting the quality of frozen semen show that the quality of fresh semen is closely related to the freezing effect;semen freezing should adopt two-step freezing method;the dilution of Trilady is the best;the equilibrium method should adopt water bath cooling method;2～3h is appropriate.The experiment further optimized the semen freezing procedure and obviously improved the quality of frozen semen.Through vaginal cell smear of estrus,the changes of vaginal cells in Sika Deer during estrus are summarized,and the optimal period of spermatogenesis is found to be oestrus stage(stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ).The study has shown that vaginal cell estrus identification is a new and effective method to improve the artificial insemination conception rate of.To compare the conception rate,labor intensity and economic benefit of different insemination methods,to take the male sperm test method 2 times is the best insemination method to improve the artificial insemination conception rate according to the duration of estrus.According to the breeding regularity of Sika Deer,the factors affecting the conception and improving methods,the study puts forward the comprehensive measures to improve artificial insemination conception rate,first,do a good job of cleaning deer,semen compliance,deer domestication,insemination in place and other preparatory works;second,grasp the principle of selecting artificial insemination method;third,rationally use the key technology of short-term excellent feeding,accurate identification,timely insemination and other key technologies.