A Synthesis Research On Environmental Effects On Populations With Acute High Altitude Exposure

Covering a large area,the high altitude of China has great value in the fields of politics,economy,and military.Along with the development of economy and society,the development needs of high altitude have increased.Particularly,in the context of dealing with emergencies,a significant number of people move from regions at low altitudes into high altitude to perform relevant activities.Hypoxia,low pressure,strong ultraviolet radiation,and other factors of high altitude particular environment have multiple levels of impact on the body in different degrees,causing damage to physical and mental health and reducing work capacity,which shows harmful environmental effects on the population with acute high altitude exposure at the macro level.Most in-depth studies specific to acute effects of high altitude were conducted in the classical biomedical research framework,confined to the researchers' particular biomedical field of study and follows the methods based on reductionism.The number of horizontal integration research across disciplines is limited,and there is a lack of effective systemic integration of research works and achievements between different research fields,limiting the overall effectiveness of the research and hindering the comprehensive and profound understanding of particular altitude environment's effect on human beings.The aim of the study,firstly,is to treat the problem of acute high altitude effects as the complex systems related problem with the theoretical framework of meta-synthesis and by relevant traditional biomedical research.Secondly,to carry out systems-engineered synthesis research of the issue from the aspects of problem discovery,problem recognition,and problem-solving with the systematical integration of theories,methods,and techniques from multiple disciplines.Thirdly,to integrate existing achievements,practice new approaches,explore new paradigms,find new clues,explore new ideas,gain new insights,lay a foundation and brings about a new situation for synthesis research of the relative field,improve the theory and technology system of altitude health service research.ContentsFirst,the problem discovery-oriented research on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure.The research condition data were obtained based on professional information retrieval policy at first and then washed,transformed and extracted.Then time evolution of research on acute high altitude illness was analyzed from three facets including general situation,quantitative distribution,the trend of development.The trend-following model of research development,which was satisfactory,was constructed.The research agent was analyzed from two facets including researcher and research institution.The research hotspot was analyzed from two facets including popular keywords and core literature.Second,the research of problem-recognition on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure.1.Composition and structure analysis of hypoxia response networkThe topologies of HIF-1 pathway overall and core network were identified.The biological meaning of network elements such as nodes and connections was qualitatively analyzed.Quantified indicators such as quantitative distributions of nodes and connections,centrality,cohesive subgroups were computed and the power law model of the core network was constructed.2.Dynamic evolution analysis of hypoxia response networkFormalized structure model of hypoxia response network was constructed.Dynamic evolution behaviors of the network,such as randomness and concurrency,under normal and extreme environmental condition were simulated respectively.Time-varying evolution of reactants such as HIF and O2 in the network was analyzed,and the effectiveness of the model was verified.Third,the design of proposal about problem-solving engineering practice in the field of research on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure.Category classification and concrete definition of research resources were given formally.Requirements of method resources integration were analyzed from the aspects of performance index and compatibility for heterogeneity while requirements of knowledge resources integration were analyzed from the aspects of resource access,content development,and scalability.The architecture of method resources integration was designed from the aspect of composing factors,and web service was designed from the aspect of the main functions.The architecture of knowledge resources integration was designed from the aspect of content organization hierarchy,and the function of knowledge resources integration was designed from the aspects of manifestation,resource description,interface navigation,collaborative editing and faceted search.Software design pattern,knowledge management,and knowledge updating mechanism of knowledge resources integration were analyzed.MethodsFirst,professional information retrieval methods were used to obtain the data of the study condition of acute mountain illness.Second,time series analysis method was used to analyze the time evolution of research on acute high altitude illness.Third,methods of content analysis,relation analysis,multivariate statistical analysis and social network analysis were used to analyze the agent and hot area of research on high altitude illness.Fourth,complex networks method were used to analyze structure composition properties of hypoxia response network.Fifth,Stochastic Petri net simulation method was used to investigate dynamic evolution properties of hypoxia response network.Sixth,methods of information system analysis and design were used to analyze functional requirements of research resource integration and to design relative proposal.ResultsThe amount of research on human populations with acute high altitude exposure grew exponentially,which accorded with increase law of informetrics,and the research subject formed specific cooperation network.The mechanism of hypoxia was one of the focuses of the investigation on acute high altitude biological effects.Co-occurrence network of research topic based on keywords and co-citation network of research literature formed knowledge network of research.The problem discovery-oriented research based on informetrics restudied the problems of high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure from the macroscopic view.The trend of the research development could be predicted accurately by constructing the trend-following model.The clues of the research could be analyzed scientifically and efficiently by mapping knowledge domain.The synthesis research based on informetrics pointed the way forward for the study and explored feasible path for other research in the field.The critical reactant of the HIF-1 pathway such as mTOR enzyme was identified.The bow-tie structure,as well as its components including strongly connected core,the input,and the tendril of the core network,was identified.The power law model of the core network had the preferable goodness of fit,which proved that HIF-1 pathway core network was a typical complex network for its scale-free property.The composition and structure analysis of hypoxia response network restudied the problems of high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure from the system view facing composition and structure.The critical reactant,core components and important functional unit of the pathway could be identified by integrated qualitative and quantitative analysis of the network structure.The hypothesis of the study could be validated,and the current research results could be enriched by constructing and analyzing the power law model of the core network,providing the theoretical basis for further research on relative biological pathways based on complex networks.The simulation model of hypoxia response core network based on Stochastic Petri net could objectively describe dynamic evolution behaviors such as the dynamic relationship of oxygen concentration and HIF activity of hypoxia response core network.It was a feasible and effective simulation model of the research on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure.Dynamic evolution analysis of hypoxia response network restudied the problems of high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure from the system view facing dynamic evolution.An executable simulation model of relative biological networks could be constructed to simulate the evolution features of the reactants and forecast their further conditions based on Stochastic Petri net method.The extreme environment could be simulated by setting the parameters of the model to get rid of wet lab restrictions.The current biomedical results could be verified and enriched.The feasible path of model-based synthesis research on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure could be explored,and the research foundation could be laid.The intelligent research resource integration platform could be further constructed based on the proposal about problem-solving engineering practice.The platform could provide flexible and efficient service resource system as well as rich and perfect information resources support for the construction of the hall for the workshop of meta-synthetic engineering for problem-solving in the field of research on high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure.The platform could also provide strong support for integrating research resources such as hypoxia research resources,sublimating the wisdom and experiences of experts to promote the understanding of related problems in a comprehensive and profound way.In conclusion,the study was committed to exploring the synthesis research paradigm of the problems of high altitude environmental effects on human populations with acute high altitude exposure,focusing on treating the problem as a whole complex systems problem at a macro level.To discover,recognize,and solve the problem,the study explored a series of systems-engineered research methods and patterns such as informetrics and simulation,which improved the theory and technology system of altitude health service research and lend added insight into other fields of biomedical research.