Handgrip Strength:Associated Factors And Relationship With Cardiovascular Diseases In Adults

Objective 1.Baseline data of the Tianjin chronic inflammation and health(TCLSIHealth)cohort study from 2013 to 2015 were used.Centile curves were generated for adults aged above 18 to investigate the distribution of handgrip strength and the prevalence of handgrip weakness,providing foundation for the definition and prevention of sarcopenia in Asian populations.2.Based on the baseline data of TCLSIHealth cohort study,we analyzed the relationship between handgrip strength and cardiovascular disease and the metabolic parameters associated with cardiovascular disease in the general population.We further identify the optimal cut-off point(OCP)of handgrip strength in diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.3.To investigate risk factors of handgrip strength,so as to provide guidance for the prevention of sarcopenia.Methods 1.Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer.In this study,participants whose handgrip strength was two standard deviations lower than the normal means was considered to have weak handgrip strength.The 10 th,25th,50 th,75th,and 90 th centiles,as well as mean(standard deviation)values of handgrip strength were calculated for adults in different age groups.2.Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between handgrip strength and cardiovascular diseases(CVD).To compare the ability of handgrip strength and other anthropometric parameters in predicting CVD,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed and optimal handgrip strength cut-off points were estimated.3.Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to investigate influential factors of handgrip strength,to provide guidance for the prevention of sarcopenia.Results 1.Distribution of handgrip strength 1.1 Among 27,241 Chinese adults,the mean value of handgrip strength was 42.9 kg in males and 25.7 kg in females,respectively.For both men and women,mean handgrip strength reached peak between ages 35-40 years old,maintained or slightly lowered between ages 40-50,and then start an accelerated decline after 60 years old.1.2 With the handgrip strength of adults under the age of 40 used as a reference.The cut-off value of handgrip weakness was 30.8kg in men and 16.8kg in women.The prevalence of handgrip weakness was 3.80% in men and 5.16% in women.The overall prevalence of weak handgrip was 4.51%.2.The relationship between handgrip strength and CVD and its influential factors Handgrip strength per body weight was inversely associated with CVD,even after adjustment for potential confounders.After adjustment for potential confounders,handgrip strength was inversely associated with MS and its components.In men,the area under curve(AUC)was 0.65 and the optimal cutoff point was 39.6 kg(sensitivity 71%;specificity 52%).In women,the area under curve(AUC)was 0.64,and the optimal cutoff point was 23.3 kg(sensitivity 61%;specificity 40%).3.Risk factors of handgrip strength In men,compared to those under 30 years old,the adjusted OR(95% CI)for handgrip weakness in the 50-60 age group,60-70 age group and 70+ age group was 1.81(1.38,2.37),4.71(3.63,6.10)and 27.6(21.4,35.6)respectively.Compared to the normal weight group,the adjusted OR(95% CI)for handgrip weakness in the overweight and obese group was 1.42(1.06,1.90)and 3.34(2.18,5.11)respectively.Greater weight was significant predictor of handgrip weakness.The corresponding OR(95% CI)per 1 kg increase of weight was 1.10(1.08,1.12).Compared to the normal waist group,the adjusted OR(95% CI)for handgrip weakness was 1.49(1.11,1.98)in the elevated waist group.Same results were also observed in women.Conclusion 1.In this study,the cut-off value of handgrip weakness was 30.8 kg in men and 16.8kg in women.The overall prevalence of weak handgrip was 3.77% in men and was 5.14% in women.2.Handgrip strength per body weight was inversely associated with CVD,even after adjustment for potential confounders.Handgrip strength is the strongest predictor to identify persons at risk of CVD when compared to systolic blood pressure(SBP),body mass index(BMI)and waist in men.3.The stepwise logistic regression analysis for handgrip weakness revealed that older age,overweight,obese,greater weight and elevated waist were risk factors for the development of handgrip weakness.