Yungang Phase II Grottoes Research

Experienced a hundred years of research,has accumulated fruitful,Yungang Grottoes have been more and more clear in people's mind.The second phase of these grottoes still leaves researchers many questions and controversy.Those problems are no only above ideology and artistic issues but also involved and related to historical issues.The techniques of architectural design are the major research point of view,and supplemented by the sculpture languages.Had researched the art performance problems systematically of the No.5?13 grottoes of Yungang,the author explored the art development logic and rules of them.And the relevant literature materials were essential.The first chapter of the first phase of the Yungang cave 16?19 and second stage 5?13 from cave space angle comb.Combination of Xianbei nationality traditional ideas and ways of living changes in capital in Pingcheng before and after,and Northern Wei Dynasty Buddhism thought characteristics,pointed out in Pingcheng building continued in-depth localization under the background,the space form of the second phase of the Yungang Grottoes gradually realize the conversion from five tanjue caves "of the house account" to copy the wooden building "moment of box type".The second chapter are analyzed in detail first cave and the middle of the cliffs Zhu large cave window and the cave door design of various techniques and interrelated,clarify their order,has been clear about the purpose of these techniques of innovation around.In the third chapter,the cave 12,9,10 hole in the antechamber of the East,on the west side of the wall of the large house shaped niches and the ninth cave's door after the room on the roof shaped decoration as the research object,from unique relief space compression techniques perspective.It is pointed out that the technique of the process of maturation and cave design optimization with and progressive in the same direction.Chapter four,on 13 of the south wall of cave under the bright window seven shrines within,the 11 cave on the western wall of the seven shrines and after the sixth Cave Room Center tower and the peripheral wall of the upper the niches in the sculpture of hem outside Zhang Baoyi Bodai garments stand statues compared to modelling and sculpture techniques,and points out that the cave 6 standing Buddha style is a blend of other two caves in various stand statues of the three different tendencies technique.The fifth chapter,further discusses the integrity of the cave in the 11?13 cave group,combined with results of previous chapters longitudinal combs,stresses that the 9,10 pairs of Grottoes in the antechamber is composed of cave 12,the antechamber development.7,8 DOUBLE DIVAN room is by the 12th hole after room evolution and 6 after the cave room center column is composed of 11 of the wat tower evolution.The cave 13 in various large like cave in the particularity,and the cliff of the middle third of double hole digging sequence are discussed.The 11?13 group cave in Yungang grotto art development hub status gradually emerging,the following the tradition of the first five tanjue caves and inkling of Meng transmutation,but the second phase of the cave in the design of many innovative techniques of origin.In the point of view,this paper proceeds the analysis results may in the duration of the Yungang the second phase of the cave room construction order and engineering lead to differences with previous results,because of the limited ability of the author,the historical data and the length of the factors,or need in the future to explore.