Study On Phonetic Changes Of Harbin Dialect In The Past Seventy Years

This paper is a sociolinguistic study on the phonetic changes of the city dialect in the past 70 years.In the framework of the apparent time,taking the typical and widely presented phonetic variations as the research objects,the paper systematically studies the characteristics of distributions of phonetic variations in Harbin dialect on the synchronic level,and investigates many language communities in the main urban area and suburbs of Harbin by applying the variation theories and research methods in sociolinguistics comprehensively.The investigation is divided into two parts:one is the language variables,including a total of 24 categories of phonetic variations,which were investigated in four systems of the Harbin dialect phonological system,such as the initials,vowels,tones and phonetic changes in the speech flow;the other is social variables,including a total of ten social variables,such as age,gender,educational level,professional prestige,family prestige,parental dialect background,language environment of childhood,ethnic,place of residence,growing area and so on.After classification as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis of 2609 person/time valid samples that involved 420 language variants from which the survey received and based on the general trends and characteristics of variables vary with age on the synchronic level,this paper obtains all kinds of data in the empirical study,which generates graphs that reflect the phonetic changes,in order to trace the evolution of phonetic variables and their variants in the past seventy years and predict the future development and evolution direction of phonetic variables and their variants.This paper mainly studies from two angles.First,based on the internal factors of language,it tries to explore the internal regularity of the generation and evolution of different types of phonetic variations of Harbin dialect.Second,based on the external factors of language,it tries to study the close covariant relationship between language variables and social variables.Different from traditional linguistics,focusing on empirical research and both examination and explanation of the relationships between phonetic evolution and external linguistic factors is an important feature and paradigm of Sociolinguistics research,which is also the characteristic of this paper.The research is based on the existing phonological study of Harbin dialect.Applying the research method of sociolinguistics and the data analysis and computing function of SPSS software,the following research purposes are mainly achieved:first,the detailed frequency distributions and use ratios of typical phonetic variables and their variants are obtained;second,the significant levels of 24 categories of phonetic variations in which various social variables have roles in variations are obtained and the significant levels are also sorted;third,according to the quantitative data that is closely related to the display of social variables and phonetic variants,the general laws of phonetic variations that vary with multiple social variables are summarized and interpreted;meanwhile,the multiple regression equations that reflect the probability of occurrence of various types of phonetic variations are obtained;fourth,the trace of diachronic changes in the past 70 years of the dialect and their future development trends are forecasted.It is concluded that the phonetic variations in the phonological system of Harbin dialect are still in the process of evolution,thus should be considered as changes in progress.