| With the global trend of economy,every country in the world,China’s energy demand increases in particular.Since China’s reform and opening up,Chinese GDP has received continual increase and has obtained the achievement of world interest.In the process of the sustained economic growth,Energy Resources is important input element in the production,and plays a vital role in the Chinese economic development.Now china is the world’s biggest power consumer.The rapid growth of energy demand brought great pressure to energy supply.And the economic development faces with low energy efficiency,energy supply and ecological environment deterioration.In order to meet international demands and their own development needs.The economic growth pattern of energy shortages,high energy-consuming in our country,and the environmental pollution caused by energy consumption have become the bottlenecks of our national economic development.Facing with the objective realities of the low energy utilization,the imbalance between supply and demand of the Chinese energy and the apparent energy scarcity,improving the total-factor energy efficiency has become the focus of national emery research,the most important ways of reducing the contradiction of energy supply and demand,and the way of realizing energy saving and emission reduction.But only depending on the ways of market mechanism,such as adjusting industrial structure and technical progress,can not improve and upgrade the total-factor energy efficiency.So we have to use government intervention reasonably,promote the welfare effect of the energy resource endowment and adjust the mismatches on energy market.Only then can we improve and upgrade the total-factor energy efficiency.Based on the theory of endogenous growth,energy economy and total factor productivity,the dissertation makes the infrastructure investment as a productive factor introduced into Cobb-Douglas production function,to explore the potential factors to improve the total-factor energy efficiency from the views of energy resource endowment and government intervention.According to theoretical analysis,the dissertation uses different methods of ethological analysis to empirically test the mechanism and effect of energy resource endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency in the context of government intervention.This thesis is divided into eight parts.The first chapter is introduction,in which mainly introduces the study background and research significance of this dissertation,presents its research content and method in brief,concludes with a detailed explanation on its structure arrangement and technical route and introduces research contents as well as research technique and the innovation place.Chapter one is the domestic and international research reviews of energy efficiency.In this chapter,we summarize the research literature of energy efficiency at home and abroad from the aspects of the definition of energy efficiency,the measurement of energy efficiency and the affecting factors of the total-factor energy efficiency.Then we introduce the relationship among energy resource endowment,government intervention and the total-factor energy efficiency.Chapter two is the theoretical basis and system frame-work.By imitating the theory of endogenous growth,energy economy and total factor productivity,the dissertation makes the definitions of energy resource endowment,government intervention and the total-factor energy efficiency,and on the base of which we build the model of energy resources endowment-energy efficiency,and the model of government intervention-energy efficiency,to provide the theoretical basis for the later empirical study.Chapter three includes status analysis of Chinese energy system and the measuring and calculating method of the total-factor energy efficiency.In this chapter we analyze the status quo of energy resources in our country.On the basis of nonparametric frontier model theory,we measure the total-factor energy efficiency by the way of using the directional distance function,while consider to take energy input into consideration and under the constraint of undesirable output.On this basis,we compare and estimate the total-factor energy efficiency from different areas,and then we test its convergence.Chapter four is the agent analysis of the factors which effect on the total-factor energy efficiency.Based on the measuring result of the total-factor energy efficiency from different provinces,we build both direct and indirect factors which effect on the total-factor energy efficiency.Then we make an empirical analysis on the factors which effect on the total-factor energy efficiency by the way of econometric analysis.Chapter five empirically testes the effects of energy resource endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency from the national and regional and local levels by using the ordinary least squares and Generalize Method of Moments.After then,we test the spillover effects which the regional natural resources effects on the total-factor energy efficiency by using spatial econometric model panel.According to theoretical analysis,chapter six makes the government intervention as a productive factor introduced into production function,to construct the theoretical model of the impact of government intervention on the total-factor energy efficiency.Then we test and analyze the different behaviors of government intervention’s influences on the total-factor energy efficiency.Chapter seven makes the interaction terms of government subsidies with energy resource endowment and the interaction terms of government punishment with energy resource endowment as productive factors introduced into production function.Then we build the threshold regression model based on the threshold variable of government intervention.By doing this,we test and verify if government intervention can improve the curse of energy resulted in energy resource endowment,and if government intervention can transform the curse of energy to the welfare of energy,then we can get the conclusion that government intervention will influence the total-factor energy efficiency indirectly.Chapter eight summaries the basic conclusion of the thesis,proposes some policy recommendations that how to promote the total-factor energy efficiency,also points out the deficiency of the dissertation and the improvements in future studies and research.By using the China’s 30 provinces level panel data from 2005 to 2014 and testing the theoretical model,this thesis gets the following conclusions:First,the total-factor energy efficiency shows some regional differences in our country.We find that the total-factor energy efficiency presents the situation of high in east and low in west after calculating and analyzing the total-factor energy efficiency of our country and each province by using the China’s 30 provinces level panel data from 2005 to 2014.For the eastern region,it possesses the characteristic of higher total-factor energy efficiency while possesses the characteristic of lack of energy resources.However,for the western region,it possesses the characteristic of lower total-factor energy efficiency while possesses the characteristic of rich in energy resources.The allocation of production elements of “more input and less output” also existes in central regions,which leading to the huge waste of energy resources in this areas.So the middle and western regions are the priority areas which should improve the total-factor energy efficiency and have a vast of potential energy.Second,the total-factor energy efficiency shows certain characteristics of β absolute convergence or conditional β convergence.Based on spatial econometrics model,we find that the total-factor energy efficiency shows certain characteristics of β absolute convergence or conditional β convergence.Generally speaking,the provinces with the lower total-factor energy efficiency are making efforts to boost the total-factor energy efficiency.So those gaps of the total-factor energy efficiency between advanced provinces regions and laggard provinces areas will narrow over time.Third,the regional energy endowment inhibits the promotion of the total-factor energy efficiency.From the aspect of our country,the effect of the energy endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly negative,which means that the regional energy endowment inhibit the promotion of the total-factor energy efficiency.The results test and verify that the phenomenon of curse of energy also exists in China.The advantage of regional energy endowment has not translated into the strengths of promoting the total-factor energy efficiency.On the contrary,the advantage of regional energy endowment hampers the promotion of the local total-factor energy efficiency.From the aspect of regional dimension,the effects of energy endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency are notable in regional difference.So the regional energy endowment should change economic growth pattern,break the dreaded curse of energy and improve the total-factor energy efficiency according to its actual conditions.Fourth,the spillover effect of the province of the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly positive.After inspecting the effects of energy endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency among photograph adjacent section by building Spatial lag model and Spatial Error Model,it shows that the spillover effect of the province of the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly positive.The total-factor energy efficiency of each province will improve with the promotion of the total-factor energy efficiency of neighboring province.From the angle of Spatial lag model,the total-factor energy efficiency of each province will also improve with the promotion of the total-factor energy efficiency of neighboring province.Along with the spatial effects passing,the neighboring province will promote its total-factor energy efficiency.Fifth,the effects of two ways of government intervention on the total-factor energy efficiency are different.After making the government intervention as a productive factor introduced into production function,empirical results show that the effects of government subsidies on the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly negative,however,the the effects of government punishment on the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly positive.The effects of two ways of government intervention on the total-factor energy efficiency are different.The government subsidies restrains the promotion of the total-factor energy efficiency,while the government punishment improves the total-factor energy efficiency.The negative effects of energy resource endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency are improved evidently after considering the impacts of government intervention on the total-factor energy efficiency.Sixth,the strength of government subsidies and the degree of government punishment both have apparent threshold effect.The results show that there are not simple linear relationships between the strength of government subsidies and the total-factor energy efficiency;there are also not simple linear relationship between the degree of government punishment and the total-factor energy efficiency.The results show that the effects of government punishment and government subsidies on the total-factor energy efficiency have a critical value.When the strength of government subsidies and the degree of government punishment reached a critical level or in a certain scope,energy resource endowment will transform into the welfare of energy.So we should combine the government intervention with energy resource endowment powerfully,so as to raise the pertinence and validity of government intervention.Seventh,government intervention can significantly improve the curse of energy coursed by the energy resource endowment.After making the interaction terms of government subsidies with energy resource endowment and the interaction terms of government punishment with energy resource endowment as productive factors introduced into production function,it shows that the effects of the interaction terms of government subsidies with energy resource endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency is significantly positive,which means that we should powerfully support the government subsidies in the area of energy resource endowment.The effects of the interaction terms of government punishment with energy resource endowment are significantly negative,which means we should powerfully reduce the government punishment in the area of energy resource endowment.After adding government subsidies and government punishment as productive factors introduced into production function,the result shows that it will effectively improve the negative effects of energy resource endowment on the total-factor energy efficiency.The government subsidies and government punishment will effectively improve the curse of energy and improve the total-factor energy efficiency. |
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