From Experience To Ideal: A Study On Bacon's Political Thoughts

Bacon was a famous seventeenth-century British thinker and statesman,his thought has far-reaching influence,but his fame in his lifetime and after got both praise and blame.Although his life is full of controversy,research on him has never been interrupted.From the four aspects of Bacon's moral,philosophical,scientific and political experience,scholars in western world and China have done a lot of biographies or studies.Bacon's politics is concealed and not easy to be paid attention to;and Bacon's political thoughts scatter in his works and lacks integrity.Bacon's political thoughts come from his times and surpass his times.He received the aspiration of knowledge and thought from the Renaissance and the Reformation,as well as political art and political wisdom from the British aristocracy unique political culture and political tradition;with his own ups and downs of the political career,the political experience and sublimation of political ideal,he created the "Essays" which contains political and life wisdom and united the political ideals in his "New Atlantis".His political thoughts are with fantasy and enlightenment to modern politics.From his political thoughts,the shadow of modern politics can be traced.Bacon's thought of power condenses Bacon's understanding and pursuit of power,and his life ideal.Bacon's pursuit for power is closely connected with the social background his time.In Bacon's period,the queen Elizabeth was in her full power,and power became a hot pursuit of social power,which could bring all the resources and wealth.Bacon's fascination with power is also related to his family edification,social training-political socialization.Bacon's admiration for power,on the one hand,was in order to realize his personal desire,on the other hand,was to serve human beings.Bacon's view of power is dual.On the surface,Bacon insists on centralization,and in fact,he insists on constitutional government.With his political experience Bacon formed a set of politics,but eventually Bacon was defeated in the political power,which is the tragedy of him.Bacon's imperial thought was closely related to the formation of the British national state and the British Imperial complex.Britain's unique geographical and cultural environment has created the British national consciousness and imperial complex,which is the basis of Bacon's empire.Bacon's imperialism thought is different from the traditional imperialist thought.That is,Bacon advocates that it was not only for robbing wealth and expanding territory,but for the construction of colonies,and for the preparation for the future world empire.Bacon's political and ethical thought is the value basis of Bacon's political thought.Bacon devoted his life to scientific research,willing to do "science coolie" and "convener",his purpose is to achieve the great rejuvenation of science,for the benefit of mankind.He hopes to achieve knowledge as a tool to gain power to achieve "personal good";and then use the power to obtain vast resources,provide convenience for the realization of scientific development,the realization of "national good";in the country,the world empire,the realization of human social Utopia--"New Atlantis"--the ideal social model,to achieve the highest goodness of human society.Bacon's political thought is intensively sublimated in the "New Atlantis",but in order to avoid unnecessary political trouble,he took the "hidden" writing,and made three obstacle for the "New Atlantis".In the "New Atlantis",Bacon had predictably reminded the modernity problems in advanced science and technology,social progress.In the keen eye of a philosopher,he saw the trend of modern political development,hence,the "New Atlantis" is the sublimation and summary of Bacon's political thought.This thesis adopts the Marx dialectical materialism and historical materialism in the writing process,closely connects the historical background of the formation of Bacon's political thought,with the basis sources and Bacon's political thought development context,pays attention to the text for the analysis of the real political thought of Bacon.