The Research Of Development And Reform Of Chinese School Sports Policy

School Sports Policies refer to the guiding strategies,development plans and action program enacted by the Party,Government and other organizations,aiming at achieving the goals of physical education and strengthening the health of teenagers.It implies the features of the era,social demand,qualification of talents cultivating,education strategies and various metaphorical information and abundant connotation.Operational mechanism and condition of school sports is guided and stipulated by the information and connotation.This thesis takes the time dimension of evolution of school sports policies in China since 1902 as an axis,with the perspective of institutional change and theory of policy instrument,by means of document literature,historical analysis,comparative analysis,content analysis and statistics,after the study on the different development stages of school sports polices in China since 1902,the author systematically makes suggestion on the adjustment and improvement of school sports policies in our country by virtue of comparative analysis from main developed countries and the experience of main developed countries for reference.The conclusions are as follows:1.It has six characteristics for the evolution of school sports policy in China since 1902:First,the school sports policy changed from single-type to complex-type;The second,there was an evident correlation between the variation of the amount of school physical education policy and the social events in different periods;Third,the themes of school sports policy always centred on the school sports teaching;Fourth,the instruments of school sports policy converted from onefold-tool to mixed-tool;Fifth,the school sports policy always aimed at improving all of the students’ fitness;Sixth,the decision-making subject of school sports policy translated from single-subject to multiple-subject.2.After studied on contemporary school sports policy of part of developed countries,the paper concluded that preventing obesity,reducing sedentary behavior,promoting health and boosting competitiveness are their basic goal appeals;Authority tools,motivation tools and competence tools are the main contents which were constructed and paid close attention by those developed countries’ policies;The governance mechanism of those countries’ policy mainly showed three types,such as collaborative partnership type,association domination type and combination type.3.After comparative study on the policies of school physical education in China with some developed countries,the author considers that:from the perspective of the policy goal,when we insist "health first",we can make to enhance competitive power,to promote participation and to form positive lifestyle as a new governing goal of school sports policy in China in the future;from the perspective of the policy tool,we should profoundly adjust and reform on structural problem of the policy tools of school physical education in China,and accelerate to form a new situation of focusing on the authority tools as legislation,motivating tools to produce vitality as grasp,and making ability tools as promotion;from the perspective of the policy governance mechanism,we should adjust the governing level of school physical education in China,and make relevant legislation and carry out flat management.4.The evolution theme was always revolving around the sports teaching as the theme of policy governance process since 1902,this kind of policy development pattern dominated by physical education teaching results in insufficient spillover effect in the intricate influence by Chinese society,culture and education etc.The crucial reason of school sports policies in China in 100 years insufficient in spillover effect lies in the missing of recognition of P.E.from culture,society and people’s mind in our country,which weakened and eliminated the power of policy when carrying it out.5.To get a further improvement in instrument system of school sports policies needs not only to enhance the application of the central documents,law and other powerful tools,but also to promote the construction of P.E.teaching training,qualification access,site facility and other information tools and motivate the settlement of the policies in China by appropriation,subsidy and tax preference.6.There are four main paths for the adjustment and reform of China’s school sports policy:In theory,it should further promote the diversification of overall goals of school sports policy,the feasibility of specific targets and performance of implementing objects,and the formation of authority tools legislation,diversity of motivation tool and institutionalization of ability tool;A practical way to get a further improvement in P.E.policies is to enhance the coordination and synergistic effect among policy makers,thus realizing the synergistic effect among school sports policies to maximize the effect of school P.E.policies;A critical way to get a further improvement in P.E.policies is to establish an assessment system of school sports policies which can facilitate the implementation of school P.E.making school sports policy better falling to the ground;A fundamental way to complete school P.E.policies is to promote people’s recognitions on school physical education culture,society and mind.The cultural recognition is the first step to manifest the efficiency of the policies,while social recognition is the key to realize the benefits of school physical education policies.The mental recognition is a core factor for realizing the benefits of school physical education policies.