Research On The Influence Mechanism Of Basketball Players' Visuospatial Working Memory Load On Visual Search

On the fast-changing basketball court,excellent athletes must have a keen observation and the ability to quickly and efficiently respond,whose prerequisite is to search for,confirm,and instantly memorize the target in many changes.Studies have shown that excellent athletes have a keen and efficient visual search capability,while the fact that games require players to memorize and judge the changeable object stimulus and spatial location information will have a certain impact on the visual search capabilities.Therefore,researches have developed strong interests in how the visuospatial working memory load affects the visual search of basketball players,whether there are differences in different levels of athletes,and the psychological mechanism of the impact.This study,with the psychological mechanism of the impact of different-level athletes' visuospatial working memory load on the visual search as the study object,and 42different-level basketball players as the survey respondents,adopted the mature psychological experimental paradigm—— a dual-task paradigm that combines working memory and visual search.Based on this paradigm,this study,with the life scene and the basketball scene picture as the material,and the basketball athletes' visual search behavior data as the main line,explored the impact of different levels of basketball players' visuospatial working memory load on the visual search task characteristics,and the psychological mechanism of the impact of visuospatial working memory load on the visual search.The results show that:(1)There is no significant difference in the correct rate of visual search among basketball players with or without working memory load,and the correct rate of visual search is significantly reduced if working memory load added.(2)There is a significant difference in the response time and the number of fixation points of the visual search among different levels of basketball players regardless of the working memory load,and both will increase with the working memory load added.(3)Without the load,the visual search response time of different athletes mainly differs in the scanning stage.But with the visuospatial working memory load,it mainly differs at the initial stage and the scanning stage.(4)With working memory load,the response time of different levels of athletes see different increases in the three eye movement stages.Specifically,the novice group witness higher increase at the confirming stage,the high-level group the same increase at the scanning and confirming stages,and the expert group a higher increase at the scanning stage.Based on the study,the following conclusions ha been drawn:(1)There is no significant difference in working memory capacity among different levels of basketball players.(2)Regardless of life scenes or basketball scenes,the response time of different levels of basketball players is inversely proportional to the sports level in the absence of load.(3)In this study,the effect of object load and spatial load on visual search is similar,which both affect the correct rate,response time,and the number of fixation points.When there is an impact of the visuospatial working memory load on the visual search,the expert group shows higher stability than the high-level group,while the high-level group only shows its advantages in the basketball scene that will also disappear with the difficulty increased.(4)The response time of different levels of basketball players mainly differs in the scanning stage out of the three stages.(5)In different load conditions,the impact mechanisms on the visual search of basketball players of different levels are different: the working memory load mainly affects the novice group at the confirming stage,and the high-level group and the expert group both at the scanning stage.This study has made contribution on the theoretical level mainly in the following aspects.Firstly,this study has extended the visual search study in the sports psychology field.Secondly,the study has identified several indicators that could be used for athlete training fitness tests.Thirdly,this study has found that the main differences in the visual search process of different levels of athletes,providing a theoretical basis for the use of targeted training and a scientific basis for the basketball athletes' mental ability training.