Behavior For Safe Agro-products Of Apple Farmer Households

The development of agricultural industry has changed from the emphasis on quantity growth to quality growth.Meanwhile,the food safety issue also changed from emphasis on food security to food safety.During the process of agricultural development,the wide use of pesticides ensure the supply of agricultural products,which make great contribution to food security.However,as the application of pesticides,there arise the concern of pesticide residue and its adverse effect.Pesticides application will lead to the accumulation of effective chemical components in agricultural products.Also,it will introduce serious pesticide residues,pollute the agricultural production environment,and even break the ecological environment.All of these pose a threat to the health of consumers.As consumers fear and panic on food safety problems of agricultural products,crisis of confidence on agricultural products may even emerged.As a result,these may ultimately hinder the development of the agricultural industry.With the increase in per capita income and change of consumption structure,agricultural products producers face the increasing need of safe agricultural products.Based on efficient utilization of production resources,farmer households' production decisions directly affect the quality and safety of agricultural products.Decentralized,small-scale farmers is the key feature of China agricultural production.However,scattered small-scale farmers face the changeable circumstance of market.To maximize profit,they have to effectively meet the demand of agricultural products.Agricultural industrialization development is an effective way to ease the contradiction between small-scale farmers and large market.A variety of private participate in agricultural products transaction,play an important role in ensuring the supply of agricultural products and increase the income of farmers.However,the production pattern of scattered small-scale farmer cause quality and safety supervision,inspection and punishment measures implementation,result in regulation effect not obvious.Existing studies have indicated that different transaction model play different roles in ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products.Close vertical coordination form plays an active role in improving safe quality control,and contributes to reducing farmers violating safe quality control behaviors.For China's apple industry,what is the situation of fresh apple production in the perspective of food safety? What are the main transaction models for apple growers? What are the effects of different transaction models on the safe production behavior of apple growers? What is the role of different institutional arrangements in the regulation of apple growers' safe production behavior in terms of the organization's internal trading patterns?Based on the above questions,this research organized as follows:The first part is the introduction,including the first chapter.In this part,this paper proposes the research background and research questions,clarify the purpose and significance of this research.This part also review the related literatures at home and abroad,including factors cause the problem of agricultural products safety,farmers' choice of transaction model,farmer households behavior under different transaction model,agricultural products quality and safety under different transaction model.Then,this part shows the research design methods and research contents,finally pointed out the innovation of this paper.The second part is the theoretical analysis of the apple growers' safety production behavior,including the second chapter.In this chapter,the basic research unitare apple growers.And the research object is the apple growers' safety production behavior.Under the combination of fresh apple transaction mode and apple farmer households' safe production behavior,this paper defines the connotation and extension of apple farmer households' safety production behavior.Then,this paper reveal the characteristics of apple farmer households' safety production behavior in factor endowments and institutional environment constraints of transaction.By establishing apple farmer households safety production behavior theory system,this paper put forward the "transaction mode is the influencing factors of household production safety behavior of apple planting;close transaction mode is conducive to the regulation of apple growers safety production behavior;factor allocation decision-making,technical training services and sales service is expected to verify the hypothesis of insider trading model induced by apple planting institutional factors" safety production behavior of households.The third part is the current situation of apple growers' safe production and the general situation of the apple transaction mode.Including the third chapter and the fourth chapter.In the third chapter,based on the survey data of apple growers in the main apple production area of China,the safety production status of apple growers was summarized.In the fourth chapter,the development of agricultural products transaction pattern is reviewed.According to the field survey data of apple growers in the main production area of China,the main transaction mode of the apple growers is concluded.The fourth part is the empirical analysis of the safety production behavior of apple growers,including the fifth and sixth chapter.In the fifth chapter,using order probit model,based on the main apple producing area of Chinese apple growers survey data,this chapter analyzed the factors influencing the cognition of pesticide selection and pesticides' bag disposal related to food safety and environment protection.Then,this research pointed out that the main factor that affect apple growers' safe production cognition.Internal transaction mode and government policy that aimed to provide related information have positive effect on apple farmer households' safety production cognition.In the sixth chapter,based on the fourth chapter of apple growers' safety production behavior analysis,this compared the difference in the regulation of apple farmer households' safety production behavior between the two kinds of typical apple growers' transaction mode.Further,different institutional arrangements under the existing transaction mode on apple farmer households' safety behaviors are been analyzed.The main research conclusion are as follows:Among the factors influencing the cognition of safety production of apple growers,by participating in the internal transactions of the farmers,that is,to join the specialized farmers cooperatives,it is possible to improve the cognition of the effects of pesticides and pesticide waste disposal.The government information disclosure has a significant effect on the apple growers' awareness of the effects of the ban on pesticide and the scientific disposal of pesticide waste.Improving apple growers' cognition and awareness of safe production plays an important role in protecting the quality and safety of apple and in promoting the sustainable development of apple cultivation environment.Different transaction models play different role in regulating the safe production behavior of apple farmer households.Among them,the internal transaction mode of organization in regulating the safety production behavior is more significant than the market transaction model;in addition,different institutional arrangements of the internal transaction organization model have different effect on apple farmer households' safety production behavior.Under the internal transaction organization model,unified agricultural input arrangement has significant effect,while technical training and sales service arrangement did not have significant effect.The result of this paper also indicate that government should put more effort on optimizing policy that regulating safe apple production and environment protection,cultivating famers' cooperative,lead apple growers participating farmers' cooperatives,regulating inner operation institutions of farmers' cooperatives,fully develop the function of famers' cooperatives on regulating apple growers' safe production behavior,promoting safe apple production,protecting the health of consumers and promoting the sustainable development of apple planting environment.