The Study On The Policy Of American Agricultural Economic Development

The prosperity of all industries is based on agriculture,and the development in agriculture accelerates industry and cities.With the consistent progress and modernization in agriculture directly influences the balance of a nation's national economy,which is a truth in all countries.America,as the most developed nation,has its agriculture as a leading example that helps it to be a strong-powered country.As a developed country,America has occupied various advantages,including affluent natural resources,moderate population and land ratio,and the factors for elevating productivity in scientific technology.These all accompanied by further support from the governments,the leading in agricultural research and development,the export subsidy to agricultural products and the protection for water and land resources.Especially,the trade policies for America's agricultural products further strengthen its power in agriculture and agricultural products,further propelling the modernization of America's agriculture.This study is based on the paradoxical movement between agricultural productivity and production relations,and includes market failure,trade protection and agricultural insurance theories.Initially,from the perspective of elevation productivity,this study reviews the development of American agriculture from modernized agriculture to its realization process,including the development in transportation facilities,mechanization and electrification,chemization and its comprehensive use and the agriculture service system.It also analyzes the growth,reasons and problems in detail,showing the impossibility to depend on merely improving agricultural productivity to handle the complex problems.The truth is that the conflict between productivity and production relations propels America's agriculture to attain a spiral improvement and development,which is accompanied by another issue that factors like weak agricultural quality will lead to the self-adjustment of market price mechanism.Second,from the perspective of production relation adjustment,this study analyzes the four stages how American government regulated the agricultural economy and comments on the agricultural policies concerning price support and income protection,water and land resources and environment protection and foreign trade in detail.It also proposes the issue that agriculture's fundamental and multifunctional feature in national economic development requires government deal with market failure by visible hand.Third,asWTO rules and global trade freedom deepen,it is a must to reform America's agriculture trade protectionism and the related policies.Agricultural security network plan is the subjective result of the paradoxical movement of America's agricultural productivity and production relation.It not only fits in WTO rules but also promises the basic benefit of agricultural workers.Therefore,the new focus of current and future agricultural development in the United States — the crop insurance plan and agricultural product plan as the two core pillars of agricultural safety net,has profound theoretical significance and practical value.Finally,this study gives the recommendation on the economy,policy and security network in agriculture of China agriculture development.78 years of America's crop insurance plan has built America into a top strong nation in agriculture,so a further and detail analysis on its operation mode,insurance system and operation effect test may help China issue policies with innovation and extended functions.According to the comment of crop insurance plan and its operation effect,bidirectional stimulation improves the willingness of insurance and the development,while the insurance design mechanism elevates the compensation accuracy of crop insurance and the protection coverage and the oversight and accountability controls the fake statement of crop insurance and any other fraud and waste.China should improve the market position of agricultural insurance companies,optimizing the bidirectional stimulation,strengthen the internal function designs of insurance products,facilitate the multi-dimensional extension of insurance,establish the legal supervision system and consolidating the bidirectional binding scheme.This study includes 5 chapters.Chapter 1 : Introduction.This chapter mainly analyzes the background and significance of the study on the economy and policy of America's agricultural development.The theories of production relation,agricultural protection and biological agriculture are taken as the basis for research.Meanwhile,this chapter also includes the study line,approaches,innovation and shortages.Chapter 2:Analysis on the effectiveness and problems of agricultural economic development in the United States.This chapter depicts the main success of America's modernized agriculture,the reasons for high development and the major problems during the development.In this chapter,it points out the contradicted conclusion that improving productivity may fail to solve the problems.Chapter 3 : Comment on the policy of the development of American agricultural economy.This chapter includes five sections.It firstly analyzes the operation system of highly institutionalized agriculture,which helps understand the change in the policy after Government regulation.Then it moves to describe and comment on the four stages of America's agricultural policies,which includes the stage to explore(1776-1929),the stage to strengthen agricultural policies by government regulation(1930-1989),the stage to transform(1990-2001)and the stage to return(2002-2014).This chapter also further analyzes the economic and political background of each stage and comment on the policies concerning price support and income protection,water and land and environment protection and foreign trade.Thus,it concludes that it is a must to take production relation to fit for productivity development.Chapter 4: New policy development of American agricultural economy.This chapter includes 4 sections.First,it analyzes the agricultural economy and policies and talks about the basis for establishing the network.The author considers that this network is a must result of the paradoxical movement between productivity and production relation,by analyzing the structure of the network.Then,this chapter focuses on crop insurance plan and the agricultural product plan.Chapter 5: Enlightenment on American agricultural economic policy development to China.This chapter includes two sections,from two angles of the development of American modern agricultural economic and the development of American modern agricultural policy.