Research On The Interaction Between Transferred Enterprise And Local Enterprise

The world is flowing,as the important carrier of international capital and technology flows,industrial transfer has been and is profoundly changing and reshaping the world economic territory.The first three international industrial transfer have spawned many noticeable industry highland in the global scope,and also brought a series of issues such as enclave economy,migratory economy,low technology trap,poverty growth,etc.Currently,China is experiencing a domestic industrial transfer from east to west(also known as the fourth of international industrial transfer),it provides a rare “windows of location opportunity” for the industrial development in the majority of central and western regions.This article take “how to promote interactive coupling of the transferred enterprise and local enterprise and realize clustering development” as the core topic,the study has strong theoretical and practical significance,for it meet the trend that the economic geography is strengthening micro research and quantitative research,and aim at the national requirements to promote the healthy industrial transfer.Through literature review and theoretical perspective on the core topic,this paper argues that in the interactive process between transfered enterprise and local enterprise,relation is the foundation,networks are the carrier and embeddedness is the key.Therefore,the article combines the core idea and theoretical tools of industrial district theory,production network theory and embeddedness theory,builds a comprehensive research framework which use “relation-network-embeddedness”as the main line,network-roles,embeddedness-coupling and evolution-upgrade as the core elements.Take the refrigeration industrial cluster of Minquan county in Henan Province as a typical case,through investigation and in-depth interviews in enterprise level,extract the economic relation,technical cooperation and social communication network which formulated in the interaction between transfered enterprise and local enterprise inside the cluster,use the three types of network as the research "fulcrum",analyze the structural characteristic of the relationship network,network roles and bidirectional embeddedness of the transfered enterprise and local enterprise,as well as the evolution mechanism of regional enterprise network.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Network is the carrier of interactive coupling of the transfered enterprise and local enterprise,as well as a helpful research perspective.Industrial transfer is essentially the interaction process of “industry/enterprise-region” under the background of economic globalization and regional integration.The economic relation,technical cooperation and social communication network between the transfered enterprise and local enterprise are the carrier of their interactive coupling,the local embeddedness of the transfered enterprise can be regarded as a kind of network access process,the strategic coupling of local assets and global power can also be regarded as linking process of local production network and global production network.The research process and results confirm that,with the network perspective we can clearly understand the external appearance,micro mechanism and regional effect of the interaction process of the transfered enterprise and local enterprise.(2)Bidirectional embedding is the only road the central and western regions can take to realize their industrial transformation and upgrading under the background of industrial transfer.This paper attempts to break the watershed between the new regionalism theory and the global production networks theory,fuse the related tools of the two kinds of theory to study the issues of regional development in the tide of globalization.Based on the bidirectional embedding framework,the acticle analyzes the characteristics and process of bidirectional embedding between the transfered enterprise and local enterprise in the case cluster;holds that the main obstacles that hinder the local embeddedness of transfered enterprise are technology dislocation,organization dislocation and regional dislocation,and the main obstacles that hinder the local enterprise from embedding the value chain and obtaining transformation and upgrading are technology distance,social distance and power suppress from the transfered enterprise.The local enterprise's “low end embeddedness” in the value chain can only help them realize process upgrading and product upgrading,but difficult to obtain function upgrading and value chain upgrading.(3)Social capital have two sides of functions on the local embeddedness of transfered enterprise and the development of local industry.The deep-seated blood,geopolitical and academic relationship are the ties through which part of the transfered enterprise enter the undertaking place,and also the lubricant which help the transfered enterprise to reach local embeddedness smoothly.But on the other hand,the lack of social capital have become obstacles in realizing local embeddedness for part of the transfered enterprise.The excessive emphasis on social capital of members in the network is also easily lead to local enterprise network closed and exclusive,and increase the risks that regional industry arise intergenerational locking,relationship locking and structure locking.(4)The role of the transfered enterprise in the relationship network of the local enterprise has significant heterogeneity.Using the method of social network analysis(SNA),according to the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods,the article analyze layer-by-layer based on the“relationship strength and property feature-network structure and position feature-power relationship feature”,find that the role of the transfered enterprise in the relationship network of the local enterprise has significant heterogeneity,the role of different transfered enterprise and the same transfer enterprise in different types of relationship network may be different.The formation of the network role of transfered enterprise is mainly influenced by the attribute feature,expansion strategy,social capital,enterprise culture of the transfered enterprise and environmental conditions of undertaking place and other factors.The case study also find some issues that required attention,such as the scale and role of the transfered enterprise is asymmetric,and there exist outsiders club and some isolated points in the network.(5)Local enterprise network has complex evolution mechanism under the function of the industrial transfer.This evolution process have strong space-time situationality,path dependency and contingency,the process of derivation of local enterprise,regional selection environment and social capital,external disturbance power represented by industrial transfer,path dependence and path creation,increasing returns and regional self reinforcing mechanism these together determine the process and results of network evolution of the local enterprise.Innovation of this paper:(1)Fuse the core idea of industrial district theory,production network theory and embeddedness theory,build a comprehensive research framework which use “relation-network-embeddedness” as the main line,this framework take the network as the research "fulcrum",and integrate a variety of theoretical tools and analytical methods,this enable us to clearly understand the external appearance,micro mechanism and regional effect of the interaction process of the transfered enterprise and local enterprise.(2)Based on economic relation,technical cooperation and social exchange these three kinds of derivation enterprise relationship network,we can understand the embedding process and network roles of the transfered enterprise more accurately,the quantitative calculation of network similarity is helpful to find the mutual affects of different types of network construction.(3)Combine the quantitative and qualitative analytical methods,based on“relationship strength and property feature-network structure and position feature-power relationship feature”to identify the network roles of the transfered enterprise,the method is feasible,and the results are reliable.(4)The article find that the social capital is the lubricant for interactive coupling of part of the transfered enterprise and local enterprise,however,the excessive emphasis on social capital is easily lead the enterprise network to arise intergenerational locking,relationship locking and structure locking.