Research Of Tax Burden In Our Country And The Optimum Path In The New Normal

Before reform and opening up and the Twelfth Five-ear Plan,China's economy,driven by economic policy,has seen a rapid economic growth,and tax revenue enjoyed a constant growth for consecutive years.With the increasing rate of tax,people especially those from industry increasingly feel that the tax burden is too heavy,and tax cuts has become the strongest voice.After the Twelfth Five-Year Plan,China's economy has entered a new stage of development with slow economic growth,economic restructuring and a aim for high-quality sustainable growth,and the traditional extensive growth patterns that is imbalance,uncoordinated,unsustainable is urgently in need of change.The New Normal of economy is bound to bring changes in ability of bearing taxation and tax structural,as well as the tax burden level.Whether the current tax burden level adapts to the needs of economic development under the New Normal is a new subject in tax burden research.This paper,based on general review of the tax burden and the tax structure of three different statements since the reform and opening up,especially since the 1994 tax reform,and combined with new features and new requirements in New Normal when the economic growth slows down,the local tax system is under construction and supply side reform and regional coordinated development is under way,analyzes total amount and structure of China's macro tax from different perspectives,and discusses ways to further optimize tax level.By combing the functional mechanism of taxation to economic growth and using the economic and fiscal tax data of since reform and opening up especially since the 1994 tax reform,this paper analyzes the taxations from three different statements and their developing trends,discusses the relationship between the tax burden and economic growth,and does an overall assessment of the level of tax burden.Also,it measures static and dynamic optimal tax burden level from time series data,tries to give a reasonable level of tax burden from the theoretical point of view,and evaluates the actual tax burden by comparison with the actual taxation.The results show that taxation rate in medium statement suitable for current China's economic growth is about 21-22%.If the economic growth continues to fall,the theoretical optimal taxation should decrease accordingly.Yet,the actual tax burden has exceeded such rates after the economy entered the New Normal,and there is a trend of further growth.Based on analyzing the total amount of tax burden,combined with new features such as resource conservation,industrial transformation and upgrading and regional coordinated development apart from the overall economic slowdown in New Normal state,this paper selects problems closely related to the tax as the starting point for the analysis of taxation structure.The paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the taxation classification with focus on the current resource conservation,the construction of the local tax system and the need for green tax.Choosing energy tax as the object of analysis,it argues that the rate of energy tax as a important content of local tax system after the pilot reform of to replace the business tax with a value-added tax,also known as green tax encouraging rational use of energy,should take into account the economic development and resource protection and keeps balance with sustainable economic development.This paper chooses water energy as example which is the pilot project of the current energy tax expansion,and uses the CGE model to estimate the taxable range of water energy to be to 3-11%from the perspective of empirical analysis in the acceptable range of economic growth losses,providing ideas for other energy tax reform.It calculates the effect of pilot reform of to replace the business tax with a value-added tax on the tertiary industry after launching reform on supply side by analyzing the characteristics of the industrial tax burden and combining the need of industrial structure transformation and upgrading in economic New Normal,and by using the table data of 42 sectors in 2012.And it finds that if the VAT deduction chain is complete,after the reform,the turnover tax of tertiary industry will decrease to a greater extent.So the tax cut effect is eminent.Moreover,it analyzes the characteristics of the regional structure of the tax burden,discusses the differences between the regional tax burden and the degree of economic impact by using the Saier index,the provincial section data model estimation and the cluster analysis.Especially the adjustment of the level of tax burden has been analysized in the economic New Normal with the economic slowdown,structural adjustment and shift of driving power and etc.The empirical data show that the imbalance of tax burden level still exists,and in the eastern area,the tax burden level is higher,the tax source is more able to bear the growth of taxation,and the negative impact of tax burden growth on economic growth is on the least.Through analysis of the tax burden of different statements and from different perspectives,this paper argues that under the economic New Normal,China's tax burden is high and lacks the basis of sustainable growth.The rigid expenditure demand of local government may further stimulate the growth of non-tax revenue,and tax categories and regional tax burden structures need to be further optimized.The next step of tax reform should focus on curbing the further rise of the tax burden level,and optimizing tax structure through the continuous self improvement while maintaining the basic stability of taxation.Moreover,the taxation optimization can not be solved simply through upgrading tax system,but also through dealing with issues such as clear rights and interests,coordination of tax and fees,matched income and expenditure and a comprehensive budget transparency and etc.