| Improving and developing various forms of farmland circulation market has been put forward successionly in the central NO.1 document 2007,2008,the eighteen party report in 2013,opinions on the development of appropriate scale management and rural land management rights orderly circulation in 2015.Market mechanism has become an important means of allocating land resources in China.As a result,China's farmland circulation service platform has been established and the new agricultural business entities have developed rapidly,but the problem of farmland circulation orderly has not been effectively solved.In many areas,especially in economically underdeveloped areas,there are still many problems and presents a lot of behavior that does not follow the principle of market exchange on farmers' farmland circulation.Farmland circulation is still dominated by spontaneous circulation,lack of organization circulation;the main body of farmland circulation is still tend to the private transfer platform formed by acquaintances,and the enthusiasm on the choice of the formal platform built by government is not high;circulation object is still inclined to friends and neighbors,the proportion of choice on leading enterprises and large produces is very limited.Is it reasonable to only consider market factors and ignore social norms,human relations,relationship network,blindly only to establish and improve farmland circulation market when formulate policy of farmland circulation? What are the non-market factors that affect the decision-making in the process of farmers' farmland circulation? What are the deep-seated reasons for the incomplete market behavior of farmers' farmland circulation? Whether the level of regional economic development have a regulatory role on the degree of influence of non-market factors? How should the government intervene in the decision-making of farmers? These are the issues required to research in order to accelerate farmland circulation orderly in China.However,it is short of systematic and in-depth study on these problems in the current academic system.In the view of these,the thesis takes the social embedded as perspective,the problems of farmers' farmland circulation as research object,social embeededness and social network theory of new economic sociology as theoretical analysis tool,using the survey data collected from 936 rural families in Jilin as foundation.Then,the paper makes a systematic study on the deep-seated reasons for the incomplete market behavior of farmers' farmland circulation,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the government to follow the characteristics of farmers' farmland circulation in different regions,and formulate effective farmland circulation policy.The main study and conclusion is followed:1.Literature review on farmers' farmland circulation behavior based on meta analysis.Through the main effect analysis,we found that the factors that promote farmers' farmland circulation(including transfer-in and transfer-out)behavior include age,education level,the total number of households,the proportion of non-agricultural income and the area of arable land per capita;while the number of agricultural labor force is the main factor that hinders the farmers' farmland circulation behavior.The factors that promote the transfer-out behavior of farmers' farmland are education level,the number of non-agricultural labor,the proportion of non-agricultural income and the area of arable land;the hinding factors is the number of agricultural labor force.The factors that promote the transfer-in behavior of farmers' farmland are education level(ordering),the number of agricultural labor force,the area of arable land and the distance from town;the hindering factors are education level(continuous),the proportion of non-agricultural income and the area of arable land.2.The whole process of farmers' farmland circulation decision-making.There are three levels in the whole process of farmers' farmland circulation decision-making.(1)The behavior and scale of farmers' farmland circulation.The first stage is whether the farmers transfer farmland or not that is the farmers decide to transfer-in,transfer-out,or neither transfer-in nor transfer-out;in the second stage,farmers decide the scale of land circulation.(2)The selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization model.Farmers that has decided to transferred will select no intermediary,human relations network,endogenous or exogenous intermediary as organization model.(3)The selection of farmers' farmland circulation object.Mainly for the transfer-out farmers,the object will be selected to the relatives,friends and neighbors who have a blood,regional relationship or the ordinary farmers,grower,agricultural enterprise,agricultural cooperative who have not blood,regional relationship.3.Sample description statistical analysis shows that the sample farmers' farmland circulation incomplete market characteristics obvious.In the 936 sample farmers,54.60% of the farmers have transferred their farmland,the proportion of farmers transferred-out is higher than the proportion of farmers transferred-in.The average area of farmland transferred-in is higher than the average area of farmland transferred-out.The farmland circulation mode presents mainly subcontract and diversified trends.The proportion of sample farmers' written contracts signed is high and the cycle is short mainly.The behavior that does not follow the principle of market exchange on farmers' farmland circulation is obvious in Jinlin farmers,the motivation of farmers to transfer farmland is mixed with internal motivation(economic and non economic motivation)and external motivation,most of the farmers are holding multiple motivations.The rules of human rights still play an important role in the process of farmers' farmland circulation,farmers tends to take human relationship network and endogenous intermediary organization as intermediary organization.The relationship characteristic is obvious in the selection of farmland circulation object.4.The construction of social embedded factors index system.Construct the social embedded factors index system on behavior,organization mode selection,object selection of farmers' farmland circulation.The social embedded factors consists of four dimensions: politics,cognition,culture and network.For network embedded factors,first construct the discussion network of behavior,organization mode selection,object selection of farmers' farmland circulation respectively,then measure the overall structural feature(network scale,network density,network heterogeneity)and the individual relationship feature(relationship strength,relationship quality)of discussion network.5.Emprical research explored the effect of social embedded factors on the behavior and scale of farmers' farmland circulation.(1)According to the Logistic model,estimates show that social embedded factors has an important influence on the behavior of farmers' farmland circulation.First of all,the political embedded factor,which is the support of local government is helpful to farmers' transfer-out and transfer-in behavior.The local government's strong support and reasonable guidance to the farmland circulation will increase the confidence of farmers' farmland transfer-out and transfer-in.Secondly,the cognitive embedded factor,which is the improvement of farmers' cognition is helpful to farmers' transfer-out and transfer-in behavior.Farmers will transfer-out farmland when they think that the transfer-out of farmland is important,its own non-agricultural employment training is more,and its non-agricultural experience is more.Farmers will transfer-in farmland when they think that the transfer-in of farmland is important,its own planting technology training is more,and its planting experience is more.Thirdly,the cultural embedded factor,which is the strong atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out/transfer-in is helpful to farmers' transfer-out/transfer-in behavior.In the rural areas,the more dense atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out/transfer-in,the more frequent of farmers' transfer-out/transfer-in behavior.Finally,the relationship strength,the relationship quality,the network density and the network scale of the network embedded factors have positively influence on the farmers' decision-making of transfer-out/transfer-in behavior,while the network heterogeneity has a negative impact.The farmland circulation behavior discussion network with high relationship strength,good relationship quality,low heterogeneity,high density and large scale will help farmers to make farmland transfer-out and transfer-in decision.(2)According to the Tobit model,estimates show that social embedded factors has an important influence on the scale of farmers' farmland circulation.First of all,the political embedded factor,which is the support of local government is helpful to farmers' transfer-out scale but it has no effect on farmers' transfer-in scale.The local government's strong support and reasonable guidance to the farmland circulation will expand the scale of farmers' farmland transfer-out.Secondly,the cognitive embedded factor,which is the improvement of farmers' cognition is helpful to farmers' transfer-out and transfer-in scale.Farmers will transfer-out more farmland when they think that the transfer-out of farmland is important,its own non-agricultural employment training is more,and its non-agricultural experience is more.Farmers will transfer-in more farmland when they think that the transfer-in of farmland is important,its own planting technology training is more,and its planting experience is more.Thirdly,the cultural embedded factor,which is the strong atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out/transfer-in is helpful to farmers' transfer-out/transfer-in scale.In the rural areas,the more dense atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out/transfer-in,the more scale of farmers' transfer-out/transfer-in.Finally,the relationship strength and the relationship quality have positively influence on farmers' transfer-out and transfer-in scale;the network heterogeneity has a negative impact on farmers' transfer-in scale;the network density and the network scale have positively influence on farmers' transfer-out scale.The farmland circulation behavior discussion network with high relationship strength,good relationship quality,high density and large scale will help farmers to transfer-out large scale farmland.The farmland circulation behavior discussion network with high relationship strength,good relationship quality and low heterogeneity will help farmers to transfer-in large scale farmland.6.Emprical research explored the effect of social embedded factors on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.According to the Logistic model,estimates show that social embedded factors has an important influence on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.First of all,the political embedded factor,which is the support of local government has impact on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.Farmers will tend to be exogenous intermediary organizations in the selection of the organization model of farmland circulation,but the tendency of endogenous intermediary organization is weak,and the tendency of human relationship network is the weakest when the local government's strong support and reasonable guidance to the farmland circulation systematization.Secondly,the cognitive embedded factor,which is farmers' cognition has impact on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.Farmers will tend to be exogenous intermediary organizations in the selection of the organization model of farmland circulation,but the tendency of endogenous intermediary organization is weak,and the tendency of human relationship network is the weakest when they are more aware of the importance of the farmland circulation systematization and their own skills experience.Thirdly,the cultural embedded factor,which is the atmosphere of the farmland circulation systematization has impact on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.In the rural areas,the more dense atmosphere of the farmland circulation systematization,the stronger tendency to be exogenous intermediary organizations in the selection of the organization model of farmers' farmland circulation,but the weaker tendency of endogenous intermediary organization and human relationship network.Finally,the relationship strength,the network density,the network heterogeneity and the network scale of the network embedded factors have impact on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation organization mode.The farmland circulation organization mode discussion network with high relationship strength,high heterogeneity,high density and large scale will be helpful for farmers to choose the regular intermediary organization.7.Emprical research explored the effect of social embedded factors on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation object.According to the Logistic model class,estimates show that social embedded x factors has an important influence on the selection of farmers' farmland circulation object.First of all,the political embedded factor,which is the support of local government is helpful to farmers' farmland transfer-out subject diversification.The local government's strong support and reasonable guidance to the farmland transfer-out subject diversification will increase the confidence of farmers' farmland transfer-out subject diversification.Secondly,the cultural embedded factor,which is the strong atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out subject diversification is helpful to farmers' farmland transfer-out subject diversification.In the rural areas,the more dense atmosphere of the farmland transfer-out subject diversification,the more frequent of farmers' transfer-out their farmland to the social subject who is not relatives or neighbors.Thirdly,the relationship strength,the network heterogeneity,the network density and the network scale of the network embedded factors have positively influence on the degree of farmers' farmland transfer-out subject diversification,while the relationship quality has a negative impact.The farmland transfer-out object discussion network with high relationship strength,low relationship quality,high heterogeneity,high density and large scale will be helpful to farmers' farmland transfer-out subject diversification.8.Differentia influence analysis of the situation of farmers' farmland circulation and the impact of social embedded factors on farmers' farmland circulation in different levels of economic development region.According to the T test model,estimates show that compared with the low economic development level areas,the farmers' farmland circulation behavior is frequent,the degree of organizaiton and subject diversification is high.However the differentia influence of the level of regional economic development on the behavior and the scale has no statistically significant,the differentia influence of the degree of organizaiton and subject diversification has statistical significance.The influence degree of political embeddedness,cognitive embeddedness,cultural embeddedness and network embeddedness on the behavior,scale,organization mode and circulation object is decrased with the improvement of regional economic development.The policy suggestions to promote farmers' farmland circulation orderly are: to strengthen the degree of supprotment and reasonable guidance of farmers' farmland circulation orderly;to improve farmers' awareness of the importance of farmland circulation orderly and carry out non farm employment skills and planting technology training;cultivate good atmosphere of rural farmland circulation orderly;reconstruct the disscussion network which is helpful for farmers' farmland circulation orderly;cultivate new type of agricultural manggement subject with local characteristics;cultivate farmland circulation intermediary organization with local characteristics. |
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