The Research On Operating Mode And Risk Analysis Of Electricity Retailers

In 2015, China opened a new round of power system reform, and gradually liberalized the electricity market retail side, to encourage private capital to participate in competition.Liberalization of the electricity market retail side has broken the monopoly of power grid enterprises. With the development of demonstration projects, the research of market mode and risk analysis of electricity market retail side becomes a hot spot.Based on the existing literature research, this paper studies and analyzes the operation mode of electricity retailer from the perspective of electric power retailer. This paper takes full account of the role of power retailer market forces in the electricity market, combines electric power retailers with Internet finance, explores the marketing methods of electricity retailers, puts forward the electricity consumption frequency based on prepaid electricity consumption, improves the energy efficiency, clears the potential risk of electricity retailers in the electricity market. The main tasks include:(1) The operation mode and market power of electricity retailers is studied. To study the operation mode of different types of electricity retailers, electricity retailers are divided into distribution type, generation type, single retail type and agent type. The welfare of electricity retailers is analyzed and the electricity retailers' market power is studied based on the barriers to entry, product differentiation, factors of production and brand. The influence of electricity retailer's market forces on the demand side is studied and through the analysis of the example,the buyer monopoly power can be achieved via suppressing the market price and suppressing the demand and so on. A basis for reference is provided for the electricity retailer market forces on the impact of the operation of the electricity market.(2) Based on Internet finance, a virtual electricity retailer (VER) mechanism is designed for residential customers. PPP optimization pricing model, PPP fixed pricing model and PPP time-of-use pricing model are established. Through simulations and analysis of examples,verification shows that the VER can save electricity for customers. A new electricity strategy is approached for residents under single electricity pricing environment.(3) Based on the prepaid model, the economy of the electricity consumption behavior of the residents is taken into account, the electricity forecasting service application (EFSA) with the frequency of electricity charging is designed. The simulation results analysis shows that the residential customers who use EFSA can save electricity costs. The application of EFSA is proposed. It includes the change of the concept to use traditional electrical appliances, the extending of the life cycle of electrical equipment and the implemention of DSM projects. A basis for reference is provided for residents to improve the economy of electricity consumption.(4) The market risk of electricity retailers is studied by considering the market power of electricity retailer, the operating mode of VER and electrical behaviours of residential customers in three areas. According to the market risk type of elctricity retailer,a comprehensive evaluation method of risk analysis of electricity retailer is designed by using the analytic hierarchy process based on fuzzy theory. The results of the case study show the risk levels faced by the various types of electricity retailers in the existing distribution area and the incremental distribution area. The incremental risk method is used to analyze the investment risk of the power retailer in the incremental distribution area. Through the example, the investment risk assessment analysis is carried out for the electric retailer in the newly added blank area and the inventory asset coverage area. A basis for reference is provided for electricity retailers to participate in the distribution network investment,construction and operation.