International Cooperation On Climate Change And China Strategy:Research With Theories Of International Regimes

Global warming or in another word,climate change,which is the essential question of this paper-is currently an important issue faced by international communities.The only way to curb climate change is to promote international cooperation.the fundamental consensus of this issue is that,our globe is warmed up,and there are credible evidences showing that such changes are closely related to the release of greenhouse gases in hu,man activities and will bring about some unpredictable effect to human life-which constitutes the basis for current international cooperation and the related regime have already gained some results.(This will be discussed in C.hapter ? and Chapters ?)However,the promotion of current international cooperation and the establishment of appropriate relevant regime are not very successful.The main purpose of this paper to analyze the cause of the fact and propose solutions by which the international community,including China,can deal with it.It is author's opinion that the difficulties in the international cooperation on climate change lies in three points:the current consensus on this issue is not strong enough both in the scope and extent to support the cooperation in a high level,especially when it involves general plans of energy conservation and cemission reduction proposed by developed countries;two challenges in collective action of developing countries(especially refers to countries in the process of industrialization)and developed countries blocks the way to cooperate;traditional cooperation mode makes different participants of different stands evolves into a fight for the rights of greenhouse gas emissions.(This will be discussed in Chapter ?)The fundamental reason for the situation is conceptual problelms,which,the author presumes,is not the lack of understanding of neither climate change hazards or the altruism spirit,but there is something wrong with the current consensual knowledge in two aspects:causal beliefs(cause-effect relationships)and Principled beliefs(normative ideas),and both of the beliefs lead to the three above mentioned difficulties,and this attributes to the epistemic communities in this issue.The first problem is about causal beliefs.Although studies of facts,causes and hazards of climate change have reached a basic consensus,but the consensus has problems in the specific performance and extent.Therefore,the problems lead to the argument of cooperation way which embodies in the path of the emission reduction and makes it even harder to approach an agreement on the distribution of benefits between developing countries and developed countries.It would be too superficial if we simply attribute this argument to the dispute of interests,so I assume that this is also due to the insufficiency of-scientific fact held by current epistemic community.The second problem is the about principled beliefs.The right to development and environmental rights,which was compatible in "Common but Differentiated Responsibilities" principle,became so-called "incommensurability" goodness,Developing countries are required to make a choice between development and emission reduction,and under the increasingly powerful "moral" pressure,and they were accused rather than be regarded as victims.Moreover,since the consensus of normative beliefs is broken,some of the betrayal problems build up their own legitimacy foundation.I believe that there is something wrong with current value guidance held by the epistemic community.Nothing can be done about the scientific controversy by a social student like the author,the only thing that the author can do is to explore the formation and perfection of the consensus on principled beliefs as well as the potential cooperation means on the basis.Even now the cooperation can be reached on present condition,but such trying is mostly based on political considerations,which is also the prior reason that leads to my conclusion about the reasons.(This will be discussed in Chapter IV)Based on the current consensus,the two reduction paths require carefully analysis represent different situations between developing and:the completed industrialization in developed countries(some of them have even achieved the clean development,such as Sweden)can totally afford the cost of emissions reduction,and may tend to do so,after all,greenhouse gas emissions do have potential hazards though some fact have not been fully understood,not to mention the potential gains such cooperation can bring about;While things are far more complex for developing countries because most of them remains in the boost emission stage determined by their economic needs,and without proper support,they will be exposed to great risk of recession of their survival economy if they insist in reducing emission.That would not be an option,but great-leap-forward development can never be realized without enough accumulation.(This will be discussed in Chapter ?,Chapter ?)Therefore,at present,international community should mostly pin their hopes on that the developed countries take their own responsibility of obligation specified in "UN framework convention on climate change" and "Kyoto Protocol" as well as in subsequent agreements reached in the Conference.Based on this,the one who should be blamed and educated to deepen the understanding is not the developing countries,but the developed countries,who actively advocating the climate cooperation all the time.Developed countries should not only assume the obligations of developing countries' transfusion,but also take on hematopoietic function in enhancing the obligation-by offering financial and technical support to promote the developing countries to achieve their advocacy of clean development,and ultimately eliminate the potential threat that human would suffer from greenhouse gas emissions,so that to maintain a good living environment.(Chapter ?)Referring to China's policies towards this topic,(especially in relevant international cooperation),the author believes that currently the most urgent thing for China is to make a clear understanding of climate change and it's hazard to China,although there is the mainstream view that this would bring more harm than good,but also there is an undeniable existence of different voices,in the same issue area,this is the fundamental of our international cooperation.Secondly,China should has some proper principles of cooperation based on this fundamental.There are four aspects of these principles:commitment to the obligations specified in "Convention" and"Protocol" which regards China as a developing country;we should have a priority between development and emissions reduction;domestic greenhouse gas emissions should be reasonable sorted in forms of luxury emissions and survival emissions;actively participate in international cooperation must which is up to our capabilities.Based on these four principles,China's cooperation policies should be specified.These policies have four aspects:make specific cooperation request;give quantified emission reduction targets which based on the degree of the satisfaction of our request;optimize the domestic environment of emissions reduction for international cooperation,showing our sincerities;legitimize our reasonable request In Chinese Discourse,but also in a reasonable manner for expression.All of the principles,policies revolve around the same goal,that is to seize the current opportunities posed by climate change,with active participations in international cooperation,our purpose is not only solving the problem of greenhouse gas emissions,but also with the help of external funding and technical support to promote great-leap-forward development.(See Chapter ?)...