Research On Marine Industry Distribution From The Perspective Of Land-sea Economic Integration

With the growth of the global population and the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,the demand for resources,energy,and space by mankind has increased rapidly.The constraints of land economic development have prompted coastal countries to shift their strategic focus to the ocean,and promoting marine exploration and developing marine economy has become an important approach for global coastal countries to expand their space for economic and social development.In the course of marine development,people have gradually realized that the marine economy is a result of the extension of the land economic system to the ocean.There is a close technical and economic link between land and marine industries in the process of reproduction.And the development of the marine industry must adhere to the principle of sea-land economic integration.The Chinese government has elevated sea-land economic integration as the general guiding ideology of the marine industrial layout.Under the guidance of this idea,coastal regions have formulated their own regional marine industrial development plans respectively with local characteristics to scientifically form a layout of regional marine economy.Then,will the development of sea-land economic integration affect the evolution of the marine industrial layout? What will be the internal mechanism of operation in this process? But so far,the current research on "sea-land economic integration" and on "marine industrial layout" is still separate from each other.Therefore,it is of great theoretical significances to discuss in depth the internal relationship and the mechanism of interaction between sea-land economic integration and marine industrial layout,and It also has important practical guiding value for China's coastal provinces to promote the sustainable development of marine economy.Firstly,this paper takes the theories of regional economics as a guide,and tries to construct a theoretical analysis framework of “sea-land economic integration” and “marine industrial layout”,building a bridge between the sea-land economic integration and the marine industry layout.First of all,through a comprehensive exploration of temporal-spatial patterns of the evolution of marine industries,the paper will summarize the factors that influence the formation of marine industrial layout,and focus on the analysis of how the four aspects,i.e.,the sea-land industry linkage,the convergence of land and marine space,the sharing of land and marine resources,the land and marine infrastructure interoperability,the coexistence of sea-land ecological environments in the process of sea-land economic integration,impact these factors,and through this,are transmitted into the spatial layout of marine industries.Secondly,the paper empirically examines the correlation between the major marine industries and the land economy in the coastal South China areas,and the relationship between sea-land economic integration and marine industrial layout,and the impact of various factors on the development of marine industrial agglomeration,using methods such as gray comprehensive correlation,gray approximation,Granger causality,and the panel data analysis.It concludes:1.The present situation of marine industry spatial distribution in the coastal areas of South China shows the following characteristics: the spatial distribution of marine industry is extremely unbalanced,and is consistent with the spatial distribution of land industry,which has strong linkage;the degree of marine industry agglomeration decreases from coastline to inland area in turn;the degree of marine industry agglomeration around ports is relatively high;the development of marine emerging industries lags behind,and they are concentrated in developed cities.The evolution of marine industry distribution in the coastal areas of South China has the following laws: The spatial agglomeration degree of regional marine industry shows a trend of rising first and then declining;the agglomeration degree of marine primary industry has declined sharply in recent years;the overall change of the agglomeration degree of marine secondary industry is small;and the agglomeration degree of marine tertiary industry has shown the trend of rising first and then declining.2.The correlation between the marine industry and the land economy in the coastal South China areas,rankings from the highest to the lowest,refers to the third industry,the second industry,and the first industry in the ocean;in terms of sub-industry,the traditional industries such as maritime transportation,marine tourism,and marine fisheries are in relatively high correlation with land economy,and high-tech marine industries such as the seawater utilization industry,and marine-drug and biological-product industry is in relatively low correlation;from the perspective of time,the correlation between marine and land industries in the coastal South China areas is yearly in a slow decline.3.There is a one-way causality between the gray correlation of the sea-land industry and the location entropy of the marine industry in the coastal South China areas,and the gray correlation is the Granger cause of the location Gini Coefficient.4.The correlation degree between land and sea industries has a positive effect on the agglomeration of marine industries in the coastal South China areas.The sea-land economic spatial distance and the port-hinterland interaction in the coastal South China areas have no significant impact on the agglomeration and development of marine industries.The number of marine science and technology projects,the number of employees involved in marine industries,the loan balances of financial institutions involving in marine industries,the proportion of non-public economy,and the sea-land industrial correlation of Guangxi and Hainan has a positive effect on the development of marine industrial agglomeration.The regression coefficient of the right-confirmed area of maritime space,total retail sales of consumer goods,and the sea-land industrial correlation of Guangdong is negative and passes the significance test.Subsequently,this paper respectively discusses the implications of Rotterdam's "port economy" model,San Francisco's "innovative economy" model,and Tokyo Bay's "industrial economy" model for the coastal South China areas with a comprehensive analysis of the commonality of the three.It points out that such three industrial layout models as the agglomeration and development of sea-land-affiliated industries,regional linkage development,and point-axis networking development are suitable for the current status and basic conditions of marine economic development in the coastal South China areas.Finally,this paper puts forward policy proposals for the development of sea-land economic integration from five aspects,namely,Promoting the Linkage of Land and Sea Spatial Planning,Promoting the coordinated development of land and Sea Industries,Promoting the Free Flow of Land and Sea Elements across Regions,participating deeply in international marine economic cooperation,and strengthening sea-land pollution prevention and prevention in common.