Research On The Effect And Risk Assessment Of Sulfur Dioxide Preservative Treatment To The Storage Quality Of Red Globe Grapes

Being the largest table grapes producer in the world,China has many problems in post-harvest storage of table grapes.As an important table grape variety in China,Red Globe grape is normally stored and preserved using sulfur dioxide?SO₂?,and may cause damage while using SO₂ as a bleach during storage process.There may also be excessive SO₂ residue,which further affects human health.First,this paper investigates and summarizes the domestic and international table grape industry including output,production area,variety,cultivation and planting mode,industrial development trend,and give inspiration to the development of China's table grape industry.Moreover,this paper uses Red Globe grape as experimental material to compare the effects of several SO₂ preservatives used in the market and the effects on grape storage quality.The residues of SO₂ in Red Globe grapes and dietary safety of humans were evaluated under different conditions.Finally,the specifications and recommendations for the use of SO₂ preservatives were summarized.In order to further clarify the effects of the dosage of SO₂ preservative on the dietary safety of human body,this paper provided a theoretical basis for the rational use of SO₂ preservatives during Red Globe grape storage,guided the development of SO₂ preservatives,and offerd reference for other fruits storage.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:?1?The article summarized the current situation of domestic and international grape industry through field research and literature research.China has become a major grape producing country in the world,and its grape industry is developing towards a better direction.To meet the development of the grape industry needs,a number of important structural measures need to be taken.First,we should give full play to the advantages of domestic resources,rely on the power of science and technology,further optimize the variety structure,formulate and implement detailed industry standard technologies that are in line with international standards.Moreover,we should improve the equipment level of grape protected cultivation,and strengthen the brand awareness and sales model of table grapes in China.The high-end grape market will give full play to the functions of government subsidies,fully carry out the education and training for farmers,and improve the qualifications of fresh grape farmers.?2?Effects of different SO₂ preservatives on the storage quality of Red Globe grapes.The grape fruit was randomly divided into five treatment groups with preservative under different releasing speed,and there was grape fruit without any treatment as a blank control CK Group,T1 Group?7 slices+1pack powder?,T2 Group?4 packs powder?,T3 Group?5 packs powder?,T1 group combined with standard SO₂ gas fumigation treatment?gas+T1 Group?,respectively.After sampling at different storage time,the important storage quality indexes such as decay rate,grain drop rate,browning index of fruit stalk,fruit hardness value,soluble solids content,titration acid content and fruit juice pH were measured.The results showed that the control group without SO₂ preservative treatment,its fruit were seriously decomposed at 60d,and result in inapplicability to be sampled.As for the group with SO₂ preservative treatment,the fruit could be stored for nearly 140 days,which indicates that SO₂ preservative played a key role in maintaining the storage quality of the fruit.Among the four SO₂ preservative treatment groups,the effect of storage and preservation of the T1 group is better than that of the T1,T2 and T3groups,and can maintain the smooth change of the quality indexes of each fruit.It indicates that while constantly developing new SO₂ preservatives,for some grape varieties that are not resistant to SO₂,the compounding and combined use of preservative can achieve better storage and preservation effect.The decay rate of Red Globe grape fruit was significantly positively correlated with the degranulation rate,and significantly negatively correlated with TSS content,TA content and hardness value,while negatively correlated with pH value and SO₂ residue content.The degranulation rate was significantly negatively correlated with TA content and hardness value,and negatively correlated with TSS content and SO₂ residue content,while positively correlated with pH value.?3?Residues determination and dietary risk assessment of SO₂ preservative during the storage of Red Globe grapes.Some grape varieties such as Red Globe grapes,require long-term storage and preservation.Since been long-term exposed to high concentration of SO₂,the fruits absorb SO₂ in large quantities,which may cause SO₂ residues exceeding the standard.By simulating the post-harvest grape storage and transportation process,this study evaluated the residual SO₂ and its dietary risk assessment using various preservatives under different conditions such as different place of origin,year of harvest,transportation range,and storage temperature.The results showed that under all treatment conditions,the detection rate of SO₂ reached 100%,while the content variation was 2.97⁴0.96 mg/kg,which was lower than the minimum SO₂ residue standard of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China.The dietary risk of residual SO₂ was extremely low and the grape can be safely consumed.The results provided a theoretical basis for the research,development,evaluation and selection of grape preservatives.?4?Comprehensive research and experimental data analysis,summed up the current recommendations for the use of SO₂ in grapes in China,that is,the government and scientific research units should establish fair use guidelines,and constantly improve the supporting safe use of technology,including the duration,dosage,methods,scope of use,safety intervals and precautions for use.Moreover,the manufacturers should be encouraged to carry out the registration of SO₂ using on the grapes,improve the registration process,and promote the legalization and regulation of the application of SO₂ preservatives on grapes.