| Nowadays,nanomaterials and nanotechnology have penetrated into every field of human production and life.In the textile industry,the application of nanotechnology is attracting more and more attention.The application of nanomaterials in the manufacturing,finishing and coating process of textiles has become an important means to obtain multi-functional or special functions of textiles,which opens up a new way for the application of textile products beyond their traditional application fields.Today,people are not only concerned about the fashion and comfort of textiles,but also committed to the development and production of self-cleaning,anti-bacterial,anti-ultraviolet,flame retardant and other multi-functional textiles.In recent years,the development and manufacture of high value-added multi-functional fabrics have attracted extensive attention in domestic and international scientific research proj ects and industries.However,adding or coating nanomaterials to textiles still faces challenges.Existing reported methods of namomaterial finished fabrics,some rely heavily on the use of toxic or expensive crosslinking agents,reducing agents and stabilizers such as dimethylaminoborane(DMAB),aldehydes,NaBH4 or butane tetra carboxylic acid(BTCA).In addition,some methods are complicated and long time consuming,which greatly reduces the production efficiency and increases the cost.The strength and uniformity of nanomaterials loading on the fabrics are also worthy of attention.Hence,there is an urgent need to develop more environmentally friendly and effective technologies to solve these problems.Based on the above research background and current situation,the main researches of this paper are as follows:1.The TiO2 nanoparticles(NPs)finished fabrics,including cellulose,polypropylene(PP),polyester(PP),spandex(SP)and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)fabrics,were prepared by plasma surface treatment and hydrothermal method.The TiO2 NPs can be insitu growth on the surface of cellulose,SP and PAN fabrics by hydrothermal method at low temperature(90 ?).However,for PP and PET fabrics with poor hydrophilicity,it is difficult to support TiI2 NPs directly on their surfaces in the same way.Therefore,we use DBD plasma surface treatment technology to modify the fabrics surface,thus greatly improving the load and uniformity of TiO2 NP.By adjusting the concentration of hydrochloric acid in hydrothermal solution,TiO2 NPs with different crystal phases,particle sizes and shapes can be obtained.Ultrasonic treatment was used to evaluate the strength and stability of TiO2 NPs on the fabrics,and the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 showed stable photocatalytic performance.2.For the first time,a two-step method(namely heterogeneous precipitation method and plasma reduction method)was applied to prepare silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)finished cotton and cellulose fabrics,and dual DBD plasma treatments was applied to prepare PP and PET fabrics for the first time.Ag NPs with different contents,sizes and morphologies were obtained by adjusting the concentration of silver nitrate.Because the differences of surface compositions and roughness of the fabrics,the optimum parameters for Ag NPs deposition are different.It was found that Ag NPs deposited on pure cotton fabric resulted in silver particles of both nanometer and micron scale,and agglomeration was difficult to be avoided.While for the cellulose nonwoven fabric,the Ag NPs with uniform particle size and distribution can be obtained.Ag NPs can not be deposited directly on the hydrophobic PP and PET fabrics without DBD plasma pretreatment,while the fabrics that have been treated by DBD plasma can.By testing the antibacterial properties of Ag NPs finished cotton fabric,it was found that the sample had an effective inhibitory effect on both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus.3.The hydrothermal method and the dual plasma treatments were applied to the Ag-TiO2 nanocomposite finished polypropylene(PP)fabrics.The hydroxyl and carboxyl polar groups were successfully introduced in PP fabric surface after the DBD plasma pretreatment,and the average contact angle of PP fabric changed from 1380°to 25°,which resulted in TiO2:load increased from 1.13%to 1.72%.Ag NPs was then deposited on the fabric surface by a two-step method with an average particle size of 7 nm and uniform dispersion.Through the degradation experiment of methylene blue,it was found that the Ag-TiO2 finished PP fabric showed the highest degradation efficiency.4.TiO2-PVDF membranes were prepared via a combined approach of electrospinning,DBD plasma pretreatment and hydrothermal reaction.Sufficient titanium source was embedded in the electrospun fibers in advance,and the following DBD cold plasma treatment remarkably increases the number of reactive sites to induce TiO2 growth from the inside out,thereby firmly attaching to the PVDF fibers,like seeds germinate from the soil.With the increase of hydrochloric acid concentration,the crystal phase,morphology,size and content of TiO2 NPs changed greatly.TiO2 particles remained firmly attached to PVDF fiber even after one hour of strong ultrasonic vibration.In this study,a method of fixing TiO2 NPs on PVDF fiber was developed,which is expected to improve the practicability and reuse rate of the TiO2-PVDF membrane. |
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