Research On Cleaning Of Coal Power Industry Under Regulatory Constraints And Policy Incentives In China

"Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets".Facing the severe ecological situation and environmental protection pressure represented by haze,it is an urgent problem to be solved that not only the coal power industry,which is considered as one of the main pollution sources,can maintain sustainable operation and ensure the national electricity security,but also can help the coal power industry to properly solve its negative externalities through the internalization of environmental costs.It is also the strategic requirement of high quality development.The cleaning of coal power industry is the only way to solve this contradiction.To this end,the Chinese government has led a series of policies,including regulatory constraints and policy incentives,to strictly control pollutant emissions and maintain the healthy development of the coal power industry.The research on cleaning of China's coal power industry in this paper refers to the industrial perspective,on the basis of proving that coal power industry will not be replaced in the short term,based on the government-led regulatory constraints and policy incentives,the theory tools of externality,internalization of supply chain environmental cost and environmental Kuznets curve applied synthetically,focusing on the key issues of cleaning in coal power industry,systematic research in the framework of "Mechanism-Path-Effectiveness-Trend" as the core content.The main work of this paper includes 5 parts:Characteristic Analysis——Based on the core data of the power generation industry on investment,power production,operation,and compared them with other types of power supply and other countries,so as to extract the characteristics and advantages of China's coal power industry,we answer the question of whether coal power industry is necessary to be continue in China.Mechanisms Research——Based on the driving role of policy factors,environmental protection technology,supervision and enforcement on the cleaning of coal power industry,we explore the cleaning mechanism of coal power industry,and answer the question of how to promote the cleaning of coal power industry in China.Path Research——Constructing a third-party governance model of environmental pollution based on the internalization of supply chain environmental costs and a self-investment operation model based on the internalization of environmental costs under the circumstances of compliance with emission standards and subsidies,we answer the question of what is the optimal cleaning path of coal power industry in China.Effectiveness Research——Analyzing from four aspects of unit structure,environmental protection facilities,energy consumption level and pollution discharge,and comparing the pollutant emission of coal power plants and other coal-fired field,we answer the question of whether China's coal power industry has achieved remarkable results in cleanliness.Trend Research——Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve theory,the relationship between China's economic growth and emissions from coal power industry,and other coal-fired field is studied,and the balance between economic growth and environmental demands is discussed,and we answer the question on the regularity of pollutant discharge in China's coal power industry.Through the above research,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)China's coal power industry has a large installed capacity and a high proportion of total power generation,far exceeding the world's major countries and economies.In a short period of time,no one or more types of power supply could take the place of coal power,which is the most important factor for China's coal power industry to carry out cleanliness.Coal power also has the characteristics of the largest investment scale,the lowest unit cost,the downward trend of utilization hours and the poor operation situation.Coal power industry is mainly composed of state-owned enterprises,and long-term semi-military management is also an important objective condition for clean development.(2)The mechanism of coal power industry cleaning in China is:under the combined action of emission standards and environmental protection subsidies,the traditional coal power industry is developing rapidly towards clean direction.Environmental protection technology is the technological foundation,and in the process of rapid advancement of coal power plants cleaning,continuous innovation and upgrading lay the foundation for the government to further improve environmental protection efficiency.Supervising and enforcing are the guarantee of implementation,which ensure the implementation of various policies in place,and feed back the policy problems to the government.(3)The third-party governance model of environmental pollution based on the internalization theory of supply chain environmental cost can help coal power plants alleviate the huge pressure of initial investment and later operation costs,and the net present value is much larger than the net present value of self-investment operation mode based on the traditional environmental cost internalization theory,which is an ideal clean path for coal power industry.Moreover,less government subsidies are needed and environmental protection enterprises can upgrade into producer services enterprises in this path.(4)China has built the world's largest clean coal power supply system.Under the regulatory incentives and policy constraints,the structure of coal power units has been continuously upgraded,environmental protection facilities have been popularized,energy consumption has been significantly increased,and pollution emissions have been greatly reduced.Compared with other coal-fired field,the emission and proportion of pollutants in coal power industry are very low.The next step of air pollution control should focus on non-power coal industry and bulk coal combustion.(5)Pollutant emissions from coal power industry have exceeded the peak value of environmental Kuznets curve due to the role of clean mechanism.Pollutant emissions from non-power coal industry and coal fields do not conform to the traditional environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.The fitting curve of pollutant emission level with economic growth is a periodic trend.The "downward inflection point" in the theory of environmental Kuznets curve is conditional and can be changed according to the influence of policy conditions,technological level,supervision and enforcement.