On The Relationship Between Village Morphology And Traffic Sound Environment

With the rapid development of village construction and road traffic in China,the problem of traffic noise in villages has become increasingly prominent.China is an agricultural country with great agricultural population.Villages are rural residential areas where villagers live and engage in all types of production activities.The quality of sound environment is detrimental to human health and well-being,hence,it is necessary to urgently address the serious problem of disturbance to villagers due to traffic noise.How to improve the sound environment of villages effectively by planning and design is the focus of this paper.Firstly,the research team investigated 8 typical villages in the northeast China,which by measured traffic noise levels and statistics of vehicle flow,found that these villages are no longer quiet places.This paper summarizes the space-forming elements and the morphological characteristics of the village in the cold region by situ investigations and Google Maps.In addition,this article selected 60 villages sampled sites,two sectors village morphology?18 variables? and sound environment?15variables?,and used the software Cadna/A to estimate the noise attenuation in sites,then using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis method to analyzed the classifications of the village morphology and sound environment,for dichotomous outcomes,the results indicate that the common rate of the 60 sample villages in the two classification results was 71.7%.The results highlight the interactive relationship between traffic noise environment and village morphology,it is importance of using village morphology to distinguish between good and bad sound environment and to improve the sound environment planning of rural residential areas;Based on the categories of roads?motorways,elevated highways and village roads?and location?inside and outside villages?,the paper further studied the traffic noise resistance of villages in severe cold region:Firstly,six village morphological parameters,including CAR,LSI_B,PD,RLF,RIF and LSI_R,are selected and developed.The effects of motorway horizontal distances and orientations are considered based on spatial traffic noise attenuation.The relationships of the village morphological parameters to the spatial noise level attenuation and the size of noisy areas were subsequently determined.A distance of more than 600 m can make the acoustic environment suitable as residential areas.Changing the orientation relationship between the village and the motorway is not always effective for increasing the traffic noise resistance of villages.The results highlight the importance of using village morphology to improve the traffic noise resistance of rural residential areas;The landscape shape indices of buildings and roads?LSI_B and LSI_R?are the most important parameters that correlate to the traffic noise attenuation of motorways.Secondly,this paper studies the resistance of the rural residential areas to elevated road traffic noise.The results indicate that‘quiet areas'increase by approximately 10%for each additional 100 m increase in the distance between the elevated road and the village.The best strategy for noise reduction is keeping the elevated road 1000 m away from the village and raising the road height to 20 m.The building fa?ade conditions only affect the traffic noise level attenuation when the buildings are within 100 m of the elevated road.It was found that the cost-effective length of the road noise barrier is 600 m on both sides of the village parallel to the road.For each increase of 1 m in the height of the sound barrier,L_avgvg of the sites reduced by approximately 1.5 dBA,on average.The results highlight the importance of using morphology to improve the traffic noise resistance of villages.LSI_B and LSI_R are the most important parameters that affect the traffic noise attenuation of elevated roads.Finally,the resistance of the village to the noise of the inner village road was studied.This paper chosen the 150 200 m×200 m partial village sites studied in 60villages.Six village morphological parameters are selected and developed,including PD,ED,CAR,HWR_V,HWR_P and RAF.The effects of changing motorway horizontal distances and village road layouts are examined using spatial traffic noise attenuation.The relationships between village morphological parameters and both spatial noise level attenuation and the size of noisy areas were subsequently determined.The results indicate that distance has a significant effect on traffic noise level attenuation and that the amount of spatial noise level attenuation varies widely between partial village sites.The main features of the sound environment layout are described by comparing Sensitive and Resistant samples to distant areas.The results highlight the importance of using village morphology to improve traffic noise resistance in rural residential areas;RAF is the most important parameter correlated to traffic noise attenuation in village roads,and CAR is the most important parameter correlated to traffic noise attenuation over five road layout scenarios.To improve the sound environment of villages,design strategies were proposed,based on the results of the study,including the resistance of the village to the noise of the motorways,elevated highways and village roads,which could be useful for improving the sound environment of villages and can be used as references for the countryside-related sound environment planning and management.