Evolution Of Xishuangbanna Ecosystem Pattern And Ecological Value Response

Nature provides food,raw materials,and water for humans on the planet.It also provides human beings with the benefits of climate regulation,soil conservation,protection from disasters,and tourism and entertainment.These well-beings that support the development of human society come from natural ecosystems.Human activities and the natural ecological environment interact and interact with each other according to certain rules,and together constitute a very complex system.At present,the core of a series of increasingly serious global issues such as disease epidemics,strategic resource scrambles,regional environmental pollution time and space,food security,climate change,poverty,and sustainable development is the relationship between human society and the ecological environment..Based on the ?stress-state-response? model,a comprehensive ecological economics analysis framework of ?ecological security—ecosystem service value—ecosystem importance—human well-being? was constructed in Xishuangbanna,and the coupling relationship between ecosystem services and social welfare in Xishuangbanna was explored.Firstly,from 1996 to 2016,the land use land cover in Xishuangbanna accounted for more than 99% of the total area has not changed.The whole is dominated by forest and rubber,followed by tea plantations,agricultural land,construction land and water.The transfer of LULC types in Xishuangbanna is mainly between forest land and rubber.The forest is mainly transformed into garden and rubber forests;the cultivated land is transformed into rubber forests and gardens.The extent of land development and utilization in Xishuangbanna in the past 20 years is relatively low,slightly lower than the national average.The overall level of land use is at a medium level,and over time,the degree of disturbance of human activity has shown an increasing trend.The rate of change in disturbance of human activity is highest in Mengla County and lowest in Menghai County.Secondly,under the background of high forest coverage in Xishuangbanna,there is hidden ecological security.The hidden ecological security problem after the local primitive tropical rain forest is replaced by a single economic forest cannot be ignored.In the past 20 years,due to the impact of human economic activities,the landscape of tropical forests has been greatly reduced.The original tropical rainforest land was fragmented and fragmented,and the fragmentation of the tropical forest vegetation has increased significantly.The area of landscape ecological security area,which belongs to high ecological service functions,is rapidly decreasing.The area of landscape ecological security area in the tropical secondary forest recovery area,which is moderately safe,is gradually expanding,becoming the largest ecological security area in the study area.The landscape area of tropical crop land,agricultural land and construction land at low and low security levels is still increasing.There are obvious regional differences in the distance of the change of the center of gravity of different landscape ecological security levels.Due to the influence of human activities,the landscape gravity center of different security levels has changed.The landscape ecological center of gravity of the low security level has gradually shifted from the central part of Mengla County to the southern part of Jinghong City with the expansion of rubber forests,and expanded to the periphery.The landscape ecological center of gravity at a high security level gradually shifts towards the north of Mengla County and the northeast of Jinghong City as the forest land continues to shrink and fragment.Thirdly,during 1996-2016,the ESV in Xishuangbanna continued to decrease.In Xishuangbanna,due to the gradual decrease in the area of forest ecosystems,they have gradually been replaced by rubber,construction land,tea gardens,etc.in areas with low ecosystem service values.The overall value of ecosystem services in Xishuangbanna has continued to decline.There are obvious spatial differences and temporal changes in ESV and hot and cold spots in Xishuangbanna.Fourthly,the relative development of Xishuangbanna cultural services has the lowest value,and it has been in a state where the development of social welfare culture has lagged behind the development of cultural values of ecosystem services.The development of cultural services is synchronized with the cultural values of ecosystem services at the latest,showing a lagging development and insensitive response.The relative development degree in regulating services is relatively sensitive,and is slightly better than the other two types of services in three aspects.The development of social well-being is synchronized with the development of ecosystem service values,and the development momentum is very rapid,all showing geometric growth.The coordination of ecosystem services and social welfare in Xishuangbanna is not ideal,and there is still much room for development and improvement.Of all the pairs,the strongest synergy exists between the value of ecosystem services and social well-being.Ecosystem service value has the strongest trade-off relationship with the relative development degree,and also has a strong trade-off relationship with the coupling degree;social well-being and relative development degree have the strongest trade-off relationship,and also has a strong trade-off relationship with the coupling degree.Fifth,the relationship between nature and socio-economics in long distance in Xishuangbanna was studied.An ecosystem service analysis framework under the remote coupling framework was constructed,and the five components of the remote coupling system of the Xishuangbanna supply service,regulation service,and cultural service were analyzed from the sending system,the receiving system,and the overflow system.