NIMBY Facilities Risk Acceptability And Spatial Effect

With the rapid development of urbanization,it is not inevitable that NIMBY(Not In My Back Yard)facilities appeare in the city.Those facilities are beneficial to the whole city but bring out a negative impact of risk as psychology,honor and so on,which are often opposed by nearby residents.They can benefit the whole city but bring forth negative externalities to local residents.Because of the "Benefits and Risks" dislocation distribution,it is inevitable that there are increasingly frequent and intense NIMBY conflicts today.The key way to solve the NIMBY conflicts lies in the two aspects,one is to solve "benefit-risk" of dislocation in space;the second one is to help the public to form the correct risk perception.A quetionnare is used to investigate the public risk perception of NIMBY facilities among Changshu and Tianchang city.The factors affecting NIMBY facilities risk acceptability are analyzed,then a quantitative measurement was made to analyze the NIMBY spatial effects by the analysis of specific NIMBY cases.So the paper is to provide a theoretical support for the NIMBY facilities layout in city nowadays and to bring out a good advice to make the transition from NIMBY to YIMBY.In order to understand the risk perception of NIMBY facilities,the questionnaire investigation of public risk perception of NIMBY facilities in Tianchang and Changshu were made in October 2011 and October 2013 respectively.The risk acceptability of psychological displeasure class,environment pollution class and risk clustering class NIMBY facilities are investigated,formed the NIMBY risk acceptability model and analyzed the correlation between the factors.Based on the analysis in 2014,a field reconnaissance survey in Nanjing was made to funeral,viaduct and gas station through in-depth interviews.Then the paper analyzed their NIMBY spatial effect.The main contexts are as the following:At first,the paper studied the NIMBY problem from a perspective of risk,built NIMBY facilities risk acceptability Structural Equation Model,verified the 6 assumptions,that is"perceived utility,perceived risk,trust in government,procedural justice,reasonable compensation,public participation" having different effects on risk acceptability.Then the different importance and path coefficients were brought out.And then it found the similarities and differences for NIMBY concerns risk acceptability in different developed urban areas.Then in order to analyze the spatial effect of NIMBY facilities,the paper used hedonic price method to analyze the effect of characteristic elements to the house price,especially the "NIMBY facilities from a distance" effect on prices.Then the paper used geostatistical interpolation method kriging to express varying levels of prices visually,then summed up NIMBY facilities spatial effect in the space of distance friction pattern.The study drawed some preliminary conclusions:Through data analysis and comparison of the two case study,the paper summed up the structural equation mode and the relation between various factors influencing the NIMBY facilities risk acceptability,the risk acceptability model of NIMBY facilities in different areas are different;the effect of different factors have differences too.In addition to cognitive characteristics,the gender,education level and income,place of residence and other conditions also affect the public’s NIMBY facilities risk acceptability.Second,under the joint influence of neighbor effect and axial effect,the physical security space,the scope of entity,psychological safe distance together form a concentric、axial and patchy NIMBY space.Under the effect of distance friction,the spatial effect of NIMBY facilities will be weakening trend with increasing "distance from the NIMBY facility"Again,on the basis of risk acceptability on the NIMBY facilities,this paper gave the avoidance of measures and proposals under a "time-subject-management" three-dimensional cross-section.Summary of the research results,the paper formed the frame of "background-Theoretical Basis-Risk acceptability Model-Spatial Effect-Avoiding the risk of NIMBY-Conclusions and Prospect".One innovation of this research is to study the NIMBY problem from the risk perspective,it regards the risk perception of the public as to an important element to determine the NIMBY facility layout,which will promote the layout of NIMBY facilities greatly;Then spatial effects of different types of diffusion law NIMBY facilities are explored,which will provide some basis in solving the city’s layout and compensation of NIMBY facilities,especially NIMBY conflict.So it will help to bring reform and innovation by promoting public NIMBY facilities management and public policy areas.But there are some shortages,such as data accuracy、obtaining method and choice of case and so on.And in the questionnaire design there are a number of different issues put together,which will affect the accuracy of the survey;the survey has not been finished with the case to Nanjing;Due to the stage of development of the two cases,there are some cognitive deficiencies NIMBY facilities,which perhaps will affect the accuracy of the analysis results.