Study On Fire Smoke Spread In Shaft Of High-rise Residential Buildings

At present,residential buildings are developing toward residential districts,centralization and high-rise,which increases the difficulty of evacuation and rescue of residential fires.In addition,due to the poor awareness of fire safety and uneven level of fire control management,fire doors in stairwells of high-rise residential buildings are often open.When fire occurs,evacuation stairwells become hot smoke spreading channels,which leads to frequent casualties in high-rise residential areas.In this paper,through theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,on-site hot smoke test and fire accident investigation,the smoke movement characteristics in the shaft of high-rise residential buildings are studied,and the effects of different fire source locations and scales on the temperature distribution and flow field in the shaft,and the smoke control methods in the smoke-proof staircase of high-rise residential buildings are discussed.As well as the spread of fire smoke in the shaft when the semi-open shaft is connected with the corridor structure,the research shows that for the semi-open shaft building,when the fire source is located in the adjacent compartment of the shaft,compared with the fire source in the center,when the fire source is close to the side wall of the adjacent shaft,the overflow fire only gathers on one side of the semi-open shaft.Set:For the building form that uses the outer corridor to connect the front rooms of the stairs on both sides of the building,in order to ensure the safety of fire,at least the doors on both sides of the outer corridor should be opened at different times;for the building form that the front rooms on both sides of the building are connected with the outer corridor,smoke will be discharged into the outer corridor at the same time,which will cause smoke to pass through the outer corridor.It is suggested that the smoke exhaust design of the front room should be directly discharged outdoors,not into the corridor with certain smoke storage capacity;mechanical pressurized air supply is used in the stairwell,which has better smoke control effect than natural smoke exhaust in the stairwell;for high-rise residential buildings with the structure of the shaft and corridor,the shaft and corridor are suitable for smoke control.When the corridors are connected,it is more advantageous for smoke emission and evacuation.It is suggested that fire-proof glass should not be used to seal the shaft and corridor.And through the analysis of recent high-rise residential building cases in Huainan City and the simulation of typical shaft fire accidents,it is concluded that the hot smoke spreading upward through staircases will not ignite the upper rooms of the fire floor.These research results on the law of fire smoke spread in high-rise residential buildings provide a reference for preventing fire spread in high-rise residential buildings,reasonably designing evacuation path and ensuring evacuation safety.Figure[66]table[10]reference[107]...