Study On Fire Smoke Spread Simulation And Personnel Evacuation In A High Rise Ward Building In Chongqing

There are many equipment in the hospital building,the fire danger is great,the patient's physiology,psychology and action ability are special,and the high-rise inpatient building is the place where the patient is concentrated.Once the fire occurs,it will easily cause major casualties and loss of property.Therefore,it is necessary to study the law of fire smoke spread and people's safe evacuation in hospital buildings,and grasp the law of the spread of poisonous and harmful smoke in different places and the law of people's safe evacuation.It has a guiding role to carry out the design of performance-based fire safety evacuation and the efficiency of high evacuation efficiency in the hospital building.In this paper,the velocity of action of different departments in a high level inpatient building in Chongqing was observed at first,and the speed and distribution of the patients in different departments were obtained.Secondly,the hospital building was used as the research object.The fire dynamic simulation software FDS was used to simulate the smoke spread situation of the fifth floors of the hospital buildings in different positions and the smoke spread area after the fire occurred.The change of characteristic parameters such as smoke spread area,fire smoke temperature,visibility and CO concentration after fire were analyzed,and the effect of smoke spread and safety evacuation in hospital buildings was summed up.Finally,the evacuation model of the hospital building was established by using the evacuation simulation software Pathfinder,and the evacuation behavior of various section staff was simulated,the evacuation time of different section staff was obtained,and the results of the influence of the smoke spread on the evacuation of the people were analyzed.Finally,the improvement measures were put forward to improve the evacuation efficiency of the personnel.It is found that the average speed of the patients in each department is lower than that of the healthy people,and the speed of action of each department is generally subordinate to the normal distribution.Through the simulation of fire smoke spread,it is found that when the fire happens at different locations,the CO concentration in smoke has the greatest influence on evacuation.Through the study of the safety evacuation of the inpatient building,it is found that when the design parameters of the hospital building meet the requirements of the standard,the evacuation efficiency of the personnel is still low.Through the optimization study of evacuation design in the hospital building,it is found that when the number of one floor evacuation is less than 200 people and the floor area is less than 1700 square meters,thewidth of the exit is 1.7 meters,the width of the evacuation passage is 2.7 meters,the width of the evacuation door is 1.8 meters,and the evacuation time of the staff of each section is the shortest.The evacuation efficiency can be improved by the vertical evacuation of the patients in the high-rise inpatient building using a refuge slide.The design of the shelters in the hospitalized buildings should take into account the difference between the posture of the different types of patients and the area of the occupying area,and the performance-based design should be adopted for the shelters in different ward wards.