Research On Passenger Flow Control Method For Urban Mass Transit Under Emergency

In recent years,with the rapid development of China's Urban Mass Transit,the scale effect of the network makes passenger flow increase quickly.The resulting large passenger flow with the influence of emergency,the supply can't meet the demand.In this background,the paper studies the method of passenger flow control of Urban Mass Transit.The distribution law of passenger flow,the passenger flow control problem of network and station are proposed and solved.The main work of this dissertation can be concluded as follows.(1)Based on the research background,the paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics,propagation and influencing factors of passenger flow under emergency.The characteristics of passenger choice behavior and the distribution of passenger flow in different emergency scenarios(station closure,disruption,slow down,delay)are analyzed.On the theoretical level,the passenger flow control could be reduced to supply and demand matching problem.By analyzing the supply,demand and the matching relationship between them,the definition of passenger flow control problem is clear.According to the characteristics of emergency large passenger flow,this paper expounds the types of passenger flow organization in the case of emergency,and takes Beijing Urban Mass Transit as an example to describe its application scope.(2)The distribution law of passenger flow of Urban Mass Transit network based on AFC data under emergency is studied,and the calculation method of passenger route choice behavior is put forward.The step function of waiting time is constructed by the data of emergency questionnaire.According to the passenger characteristics of Urban Mass Transit under the emergency,a travel impedance model is established.Considering the passenger travel behavior is affected by the expected arrival time constraint,the passenger perception path choice model is constructed.According to the principle of flow input and output,considering the relationship between transfer station and switchback station and the occurrence location of emergency,a model of defining affected range is proposed.According to the aggregation number of the station,the calculation of the affected range and extent are realized.The experiments resulted that the validity and accuracy of the model are verified.The passenger flow of inbound and outbound,section under the emergency and the normal situation are compared and analyzed,the distribution law of the network passenger flow under the emergency is mastered.(3)The control method of Urban MassTransit based on network controllability is studied.First,the limitation of supply and demand are defined under the emergency condition,which is called the "double limitation" phenomenon.By analyzing the interaction relationship between the supply and the demand under the"double limit"condition,the optimization equilibrium linear programming model is established.Then,based on the construction of the passenger flow network of Urban MassTransit,the evaluation index of the control station set is established according to the characteristics of the passenger flow network.Then,the controllable decision model of Urban Mass Transit passenger flow network is formed based on system control theory by converting the passenger flow distribution into the system state equation.The method of flow limitation station is established by driver node matching,which realizes the control of network stations.Finally,a real-world case study of Beijing subway network is present to demonstrate that the passenger flow network is controllable when the number of driver nodes is 25.3%of the entire network nodes and it calculates the flow control station set.(4)The station passenger flow control under the given service level is studied.Based on the queuing theory,a multi-level queuing system for the station is constructed,which decomposes the passengers into two states of inbounding the boarding.Considering the importance of passenger safety factors in the background of emergency,the calculation method of passenger safety loss value is proposed.Based on the analysis of the inbounding and boarding state,a nonlinear programming model with minimum passenger safety loss value and interval flow maximization is constructed.It is proved that the system output is the maximum when the average speed change rate of passenger in each area is the same.The number of controlling and releasing passengers are calculated by solving the problem.The test results show that the number of people released in each control area shows a decreasing trend,while the number of queues in each control area shows an obvious increasing trend after the occurrence of emergency.