Research On Travel Efficiency Improvement Oriented By Carpooling Priority Under The Condition Of Connected Vehicles

As an important measure of traffic demand management,Carpooling can reduce the number of single-ride vehicles in the transport system effectively,thereby reducing traffic congestion and automobile exhaust pollution.With the rapid development of Connected Vehicle technology,it would be a very valuable work both on theory and practice to carry out systematically research on the carpooling behavior of private cars and the key technologies of the carpooling system,and then the dynamic optimization theories and methods for coordinating the time-space resources of road network by considering the carpooling-priority under Connected Vehicle environment.Carpooling behavior is affected by many factors such as policy,technology,and system operation efficiency.Only when these factors are operated coordinately can we make full use of the effectiveness of carpooling and then ease traffic congestion practically.Aiming at the deficiencies of existing researches,and based on the emerging Connected Vehicle information collection methods,this article has conducted research and discussion on the carpooling behavior game,the implementation technologies of carpooling system,and the carpooling-priority oriented road network coordination and control.It has established a system on carpooling implementation and the cooperative management and control technologies.The main work accomplished and the important results obtained are summarized as follows:(1)Research on the behavioral decision-making model of carpooling in private cars.Factors influencing the carpooling behavior of private cars are analyzed and summarized,and the influence rules of various factors on the carpooling behavior are obtained through investigation,and then the carpooling behavior model based on game theory is constructed.In this model,the private car travel utility determined by road network traffic condition,the travel benefit increase and loss of private car caused by carpooling and the government cost and income due to carpooling are taken into full consideration.Basing on the model,the dynamic game under various objective conditions between carpooling decision and government’s incentive policy on carpooling is analyzed.It also provides feasible suggestions for the government departments to apply the carpooling policy and priority management measures in different stages,which lays the foundation for the study of the key technologies on the carpooling system and the coordinated management and control methods in the carpooling-priority oriented network.(2)Key technologies designed for implementing carpooling system in the environment of Connected Vehicle.Firstly,the multimode network model of the urban traffic is constructed basing on the graph theory.And the overall scheme designs on the static fixed time and line carpooling and the dynamic cooperative carpooling are carried out respectively.Then the carpool travel matching model is built by the path planning theory.And the genetic algorithm is improved to propose an intelligent information matching technology for carpooling considering transfer in the environment of connected vehicles,which would realize the quick and effective matching between carpooling supply and demand in space-time dimension under the condition of multimode equilibrium of the road network,and then provide technical support for implementing the realtime dynamic collaborative carpool system.(3)Intelligent management strategies and implementation methods on the road network considering carpooling priority in Connected Vehicle environment.Basing on the network operation performance and real-time carpooling information in the Connected Vehicle environment,intelligent control strategies and implementation methods on the network resources have been put forward from the space and time viewpoints respectively.The dynamic intelligent control algorithm and process of the HOV lane are studied from the perspective of spatial resource priority,which ensures the optimal traffic efficiency on the road section.Considering the time resource,the priority signal timing model of intersections and the coordination control model of the carpool path are constructed to ensure the optimal traffic efficiency of the carpool travel at intersections.And then a collaborative strategy of intelligent management and control of the road network aiming at promoting carpooling in the vehicle network environment is proposed.Also,in order to evaluate the implementation effects and efficiency of the carpooling-priority measures,evaluation methods on road network operation benefit and energy consumption are designed basing on the multimode equilibrium.(4)Validation and benefit analysis.Taking the road traffic network in the urban core area of Wuxi City in China and Seattle in the United States as an example,a multimode road network model is constructed,and the dynamic control scheme for HOV lanes,as well as priority signal control program for carpooling are designed.By comparing and evaluating the management benefits and energy consumption generated by each program,the results show that the per capita travel efficiency has been improved significantly,and the total travel energy consumption of the road network has been reduced apparently.In particular,the synergies between the two types of control programs can save up to 23.58% and 27.95% of the vehicle mileages in network,reduce 22.31% and 30.85% of the per capita travel time,and gain 61.98% and 65.07% of the total travel energy consumption saving rate in network respectively.The efficiency improvement and consumption reduction are evidently.Meanwhile,the network status after a 10% increase in future traffic demand is also evaluated.The results show that carpooling-priority travel can keep the operation efficiency of the network remaining in the normal range.And the benefits of implementing carpool priority control in two cities are compared and analyzed,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed models and methods.Finally,the research results and main conclusions of the paper are summarized,and some shortcomings of the research process and the direction of further research and exploration are put forward.