| Since the 20 st century,human settlement environment has been challenged increasingly by ecological environment deterioration in the world since 1950 s.Exploring a green development way with considerations to living quality,ecological environmental quality and economic and social benefits is an important task that human civilization is facing in the 21 st century.As an important biodiversity and water conservation ecological function area in China,Qinling-Daba Mountains is a solid basis for ecosystem security in China inland areas.However,rapid changes on urbanization development leads to the expansion of population scale and urban land range,which further intensifies the conflict between human activities and ecological environment.In Qinling-Daba Mountains,there are some important cities,such as Shangluo,experiencing a situation that even though per capita ecological footprint is still in the ecological surplus situation,resource energy consumption keeps increasing in urban development while biodiversity keeps decreasing,and environmental pollution is approaching a threshold.Theses lead to a lack of coupling between the growth of social economic benefits and the growth of ecological environment benefits,and a contradiction between the extension of urban material space and the functional space.These problems all focus on urban space construction and development.Facing the double demands of ecological environment protection and urban economic and social development,analyzing internal relations and interaction rules between system and elements of urban space and the local ecological and industrial economy system,exploring the goal of urban green circulation,and constructing a stable and sustainable urban space development mode which approaches to the goal dynamically become important breakthrough points in response to the problems above.The research framework is centered at the urban space development mode under the system of green development goal.With considerations to problems against urban space construction in Qinling Mountains of Southern Shaanxi,this study focuses on Shangluo urban space as the main research object,deduces and determines green development evaluation factors,index weight and evaluation standards which are appropriate for construction of living environment in Shangluo City as well as their correlations with urban spatial structural factors.Based on the goal of green development,basic urban spatial structural characteristics of Shangluo City are analyzed,and the urban space organization is built.Selecting three spatial scales of urban residential area,urban area and urban agglomeration of Shangluo City,from three perspectives of natural space structure,economic space structure and social space structure,the green human settlement spatial structure is analyzed and spatial mode of urban green development is proposed accordingly.At the macroscale,the green development of Shangluo accords to an integrated urban and rural space model.It emphasizes on the circulation of regional ecological space and industrial economic factors.At the scale of the urban agglomeration area,a systematic spatial structure is established to promote the increase of urban flow intensity and increase the outward function of the city,which leads to green human settlements in the urban agglomeration area becoming increasingly compact,and the degree of integration continuing to strengthen.At the mesoscale,the green development of Shangluo accords to a composite flow spatial model.It establishes the city’s "green support base" for the urban natural ecological space landscape pattern,guarantees the urban natural ecological environment,maintains the basic ecological pattern of the city,and develops urban land for the construction of transportation-land composite.Through the connection of matrix,the flow space effect of "point surface,line strip" is promoted,and the circulation of material flow and energy flow is promoted,which leads to a coordination between artificial system and natural system.At the microscale,the greendevelopment of Shangluo accords to a compact and livable spatial model.Revolving around the "individual habitat space" and combining “ecology cycle space”,“economic cycle space” and “social space”,by interacting with the urban economic system and through the ecological regulation of natural elements and the utilization of resources,compacting economic space and connecting multi social space layers,energy saving and material circulation in the living space can be achieved.On this basis,the framework of green development urban spatial system structure with multilayer coupling for Shangluo City is constructed,which provides a new idea and mode for the green development urban spatial organization structure.Firstly,based on the analysis of the current situation of Shangluo urban spatial development,this study states that current Shangluo urban spatial development faces the contradiction between urban spatial expansion guidance and ecological environmental protection,the limitation of urban space development under the constraints of mountainous terrain,the harmfulness of the band-shaped spread of urban construction land,and the inefficiency of extensive urban land expansion.Secondly,based on the analysis of urban space value dimension and subject dimension,and the comparative analysis of the current green development target system,this study extracts elements of urban spatial structure and elements of green development,disclose the collaborative relationship between them,and determines the target system of green development urban spatial model.This study makes quantitative and positioning analysis of the Shangluo urban spatial structure,analyzes the characteristics of the Shangluo urban metabolic system structure through an ecological network,and examines the relationship between urban physical space nodes and the relationship with the overall structure,so as to reveal the changing trend and status of the Shangluo urban spatial structure characteristics,which provides the green development-oriented urban spatial model with basic conditions judgment and development law cognition.Thirdly,the spatial structure system of Shangluo urban green human settlements of three level "macro-meso-micro" is proposed.A residential spatial unit is constructed by the system coupling of geospatial unit system,human settlement environment system,regional economic system and landscape ecological pattern.A spatial structureis constructed in Shangluo residential areas from individual habitation space,ecological cycle space,economic cycle space social space;A spatial structure is constructed in Shangluo urban areas by the system coupling of natural ecological base,transportation-land composite and infrastructure matrix.Fourthly,based on the correlation characteristics of the green development of urban spatial structure system,this study analyzes the corresponding relationship between urban functional space and physical space,and then proposes the framework of Shangluo urban spatial organization from four aspects: spatial hierarchical organization,spatial pattern organization,functional spatial organization and temporal and spatial stage organization.Considering the hierarchy of natural space structure,economic space structure and social space structure,Shangluo urban green development spatial structure system is built on three spatial levels of "macro-meso-micro";according to the requirements levels of green development,a green human settlement space pattern of four levels of "lightgreen-mediumgreen-darkgreen-fullgreen" is constructed;and according to the three stage goals of "coordination-development-sustainability",different stages of spatial development are established.By selecting three spatial scales of urban residential area,urban area and urban agglomeration,based on the analysis of the traditional and hierarchical human settlement spatial unit model,this study proposes the basic composition of the green human settlement spatial unit and explains its basic characteristics.On this basis,from three perspectives of natural space structure,economic space structure and social space structure,this study proposes the spatial mode of urban green development.Additionally,according to the spatial organization framework of Shangluo urban green development,this study integrates the spatial composition and patterns at various levels,and establishes the system framework of Shangluo urban spatial model.In conclusion,this study explores the green development-oriented Shangluo urban space development mode,and provides new ideas for the green development of urban space in ecological capital areas.Currently there are few studies focusing on green development in urban-rural planning.Therefore,this study determines the green development target system of urban space,constructs the spatial organization of urbangreen development,proposes the composition and characteristics of urban spatial green development,and establishes the connection between the concept of green development and urban-rural planning.This study makes further exploration and provides more evidence in the urban-rural spatial development planning. |
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