Health Safety Assessment Of Insect Resistant And Herbicide Tolerant Rice Variety 93-11 Genetically Modified With Both Genes Of Bt And Epsps Using A Mouse(Mus Musculus) Model

Rice is the most important food crop for the people all over the world.With the growing of global population and income and the concern regarding the enviornment,the rice grain yield needs sustainablly increasing much in the future decades.GM rice varieties,which have excellent or special agronomic traits like insects resistance and herbicides tolerance,have huge potential on increasing yield,reducing environmental pollution and so on.However,GM rice has not been commercialized till today,impeding the realization of its huge potential.The main reasons for this are whether GM rice affects human and animal health as food or feed ingredients is still debatable,and most of the public hold the rejection attitude toward GM rice due to the lack of suficient knowledge.Therefore,the issue of biosafety of GM rice needs further studying.For the first time in this study,the health safety of insect resistant and herbicide tolerant rice variety 93-11 genetically modified with both genes of Bt and Epsps was evaluated using a mouse(Mus musculus)model by feeding test for 245 days for every generation of consective three genernations and by cytotoxicity detection method in vitro using Kunming mouse lymphocytes.The results showed that:1)the mortality of Group ? mice fed with feed containing 60%GM rice grains for three generations and 245 days or 35 weeks each generation is ?10%,not significantly different fom that of Group ? mice fed with feed containing 60%non-GM rice grains and that of Group ? mice fed with formula feed;2)the average body weights of Group ? mice of Parental generation(P),the first Filial generation(F1),and the second Filial generation(F2)are not significantly different from those of Group ? mice and Group ? mice at the same mouse age during a period of one month to monitor body weight(P>0.05),and the ratios of organ weight/body weight(BW)and organ weight/brain weight were no significant difference(P>0.05)among the three groups of mice after feeding them for three generations and 245 days or 35 weeks each generation,except for ratios of male lung weight/BW and/or male lung weight/brain weight and female kidney weight/BW and/or female kidney weight/brain weight,which of Group ? were significantly less than those of Group ?(P?0.05),but not those of Group ?(P>0.05);3)Histopathological check of the mouse liver,kindey,small intestine,stomach,testes,and ovary were performed for consective three genernations after the mice fed for 245 days for every generation.Although a little fat accumulation in liver cells can be seen with the microscope among all the three groups,no difference were found among them.4)the hematology and serum physiological and biochemical indices of mice fed for 245 days were no significant differences among three groups(P>0.05)except for alanine aspertate amino transferase(y-GT),aminotransferase(AST),and urea which are abnomally high in Group ? male mice(F1),and glucose abnomally high in Group ?I female mice(F2),and the serum IgG and IgE content of mice fed for 245 days(P,F1,F2)was no significant differences among three groups(P>0.05);5)the sequences and expression level of 5 mitochondrial genes named 12S rRNA?nd1?atp8?cox??tRNA-Pro,respectively,from small intestine cells of mice fed with GM rice diet for 245 days were checked following PCR and real time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).No difference were found compared with those of Group ? and Group ?;6)the survival rates of mouse lymphocytes exposed to different doses of whole protein(exposure concentrations:25-200 ?g/ml)from both GM and non-GM rice grains for 2-24 hours in vitro were all greater than 90%,not significantly different from each other.These results in our experimental condition suggest that the GM rice,insect resistant and herbicide tolerant rice variety 93-11 genetically modified with both genes of Bt and Epsps,similar to its non-GM rice counterpart,is a safe feed for mice.It provides a safety evaluation reference for the applications of the GM rice and the other GM rice varieties or GM crops especially those with complex traits.