Study On The Mineralization In Soil Amended With Organic Solid Waste Compost

The of amended soil by composting can not only improve the quality of soil fertility and it is an ensure to the sustainable use of resources.Furthermore,it also shows a great significance to increase the productivity of agricultural products and guarantee the food security.Numerous studies show that the amended soil by organic composting products is one of the most effective and reliable way to achieve the purpose of achieving organic composting for recycling.However,how to determine the steps of fertilization based on the specific local conditions and characterize the key indicators to evaluate the effect of soil fertility to establish a reasonable and efficient mode of fertilization and achieve the precision fertilizer still need to be studied according to the actual production application.Given all discussion above,in this study,eight materials:sewage sludge(SS),tomato solid waste(TSW),municipal solid waste(MSW),kitchen waste(K W),cabbage waste(CW),peat(P),chicken manure(CM),and dairy cattle manure(DCW)were chosen to carry out in this study.In experimental group,the addition amount of these 8 materials were 0%?5%?15%?30%(mass ratio),respectively.And the experiments were carried out under aerobic incubation at room temperature(25?).The concentration of total organic carbon(TOC),organic carbon mineralization rate,changes in organic carbon accumulation amount of mineralization,total nitrogen(TN),ammoniacal nitrogen(NH4+-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N),the changes in nitrogen mineralization,total phosphorus(TP),organophosphorus(Po),organic phosphorus rate,dissolved organic matter(DOM),characterization of DOM and DOM mineralization rate and the effect of microbial community structure diversity in the process of mineralization.Measurement data combined with First-order kinetic model to determine its potential mineralization potential,mineralization rate,and then predict and compare the mineralization differences in these eight kinds of treatments.Mineralization characteristics of different manure management practices soils were revealed.The mean results are as follows:(1)Compared with the soil(CK)which didn't amend with any compost product,soil amended with different composting products can greatly increase the content of active organic carbon in soil.During the mineralization process of organic carbon content and organic carbon mineralization rate decline was significantly greater than that without treatment of any compost product into the soil.Decline range is the biggestin mineralization prometaphase(0-28d),the latter(35-49d)decreased to a lesser extent and tends to be stable.Amending the soil with the different proportion of the same kind of compost lead to DOM mineralization rate significantly declining,in descending order,the proportions of the proportion of 30%,15%,5%,CK.Amending the soil with the same proportion of different compost product aslo result in DOM mineralization rate significantly declining.Amending soil with the different composting product,kitchen waste compost treatment was significantly higher than that of the other seven kinds of compost product processing;municipal solid waste compost product treatment decreased amplitude minimum.Amending soil with the different composting product lead to organic carbon accumulation amount of mineralization showing a clear upward trend.the largest increase in mineralization prometaphase(0-28d),the latter(35-49d)decreased to a lesser extent and tends to be stable..Amending the soil with the different proportion of the same kind of compost makes organic carbon accumulation amount of mineralization increased significantly.In descending order,the proportions of the proportion of 30%,15%,5%,CK.Amending the soil with the same proportion of different compost product aslo makes organic carbon accumulation amount of mineralization increased significantly,Kitchen waste composting treatment increased significantly higher than other composting products,domestic waste composting product treatment increased the minimum.First order kinetic model(M1)can well reflect and predict the mineralization ability of amending with every kind of compost samples.Compared with soil samples,the potential mineralization potential(C0)of organic carbon in soil amending with any compost product was significantly increased,and the mineralization potential of the soil carbon increased with the increase of compost application proportion.The treatment in 30%of different types of compost products on soil organic carbon mineralization was the fastest,however the treatment in 5%was the slowest.The compost products of chicken manure,kitchen waste,sludge training fertilizer soil organic carbon potential mineralization is higher,and the composting product of domestic waste was the lowest.(2)Soils which added different composting products can increase the nitrogen content more greatly than CK.And the amount of nitrogen mineralization and mineralization rate were significantly larger than those in CK.With the mineralization going,NH4+-N content of fertilization different organic waste compost decreased rapidly,and NO3--N content increased rapidly,and soil nitrogen mineralization amount increased significantly.The prometaphase of mineralization(0-28d)c fast,the later stage(35-49d)rise stablely.The same compost fertilization soil of mineralized nitrogen increases,and the proportion of processing the compost product is 30%>15%>5%.And the same proportion treatment in composting of chicken manure,peat compost and sewage sludge makes the mineralized nitrogen high relatively,and chicken manure compost significantly higher than other processing.And kitchen waste compost and leaves compost product process the mineralized nitrogen is low,of which domestic waste composting product is lowest,indicating the compost product characteristics had a significant effect on soil nitrogen mineralization rate.Results confirm that the first-order dynamics model can better describe the change of nitrogen mineralization when different organic waste composting product added to the soil,8 kinds of them could increase soil nitrogen mineralization potential(N0)and mineralization rate(k),promoting the mineralization of organic nitrogen in the soil.Results confirm that after composting product fertilize the soil,nitrogen mineralization effect due to the kinds and the amount of compost.(3)The different composting applying into the soil,can greatly increase the content of active organic phosphate in soil,the content of organic phosphorus and organic phosphate Mineralization rate decline was significantly greater than nothing applying into soil.Mineralization rate in the pre-medium-term decline in the largest,Later period(35-49d),the decline was smaller,and tended to be stable.In the same kind of compost,soil organic carbon content and organic carbon mineralization rate decreased significantly in different proportions,from large to small in order to 30%,15%,5%,CK.And in the same proportion,different compost amended treatment organic phosphorus and organic phosphorus mineralization rate presence large differences in 30%of the fertilizer proportion,;and in 5%and 15%of the fertilizer proportion difference was not significant.In 30%the proportion of processing and chicken manure compost treatment were significantly higher than those of other seven composting product processing.Peat compost products with the smallest decline.(4)Compared to the soil(CK)not amending with the compost product,amending soil with the different composting product can greatly increase the content of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in soil and also significantly decline the content of mineralizing DOM.Analysis the importance of DOM chemical properties in the mineralization process.Fluorescence excitation emission matrix to parallel factor analysis(EEM-PARAFAC)and synchronous fluorescence(SY)two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2 DCOS)was used to explore the change of mineralizing soluble intermediate chemical.Amending soil with different compost product,the change difference of DOM content is significant.Amending the soil with the different proportion of the same kind of compost lead to DOM mineralization rate significantly declining,in descending order,the proportions of the proportion of 30%,15%,5%,CK.Amending the soil with the same proportion of different compost product processing also result in DOM mineralization rate significantly declining.According to EEM-PARAFAC,the DOM fluorescent components are divided into proteinoid.(C5)and humic-like(C1,C2 and C3 and C4).Sequencing mineralization order is as follows:proteinoid>humic-like,in accord with two-dimensional synchronous spectrum.According to the EEM-PARAFAC,it was concluded that the C3 and C4 components were all humic like components,which were significantly positively correlated with DOM mineralization.In the same kind of compost,Descending DOM mineralization dynamics of the soil amending with the different proportion of the same kind of compost:30%>15%>5%>CK.According to 2DCOS,amending soil with the different composting product lead to protein substances reducing,the content of humic acids increasing.According to the asynchronous spectra,low molecular weight humic substances changes earlier than the small molecular protein substances,high molecular weight humic acids changes earlier than the low molecular weight humic acids.The first-order and zero order coupling dynamics model shows the mineralization Dynamic characteristics of DOM,and the mineralization rates of the parallel factor 2,4 and 5 are different.(5)The results of DGGE indicated as follows:The species and distribution of DGGE bands in different composting treatments showed significant differences.The type and amount of bacteria in the mineralization process of organic waste composting treatment were significantly higher than those in the CK,and it showed a high diversity in the 7th day of the mineralization stage especially.It is showed that the kinds and number of indigenous microorganisms in soil can be effectively stimulated by different organic wastes.The dominant microorganisms in the mineralization process are mainly Proteobacteria and Bacteroides.There was a large difference in the composition of bacteria in different composting treatments,which showed that the composition of the bacterial community in the process of mineralization would be different evidently.The bacteria diversity index in the mineralization process is relatively high.On the 7th day of mineralization,the bacteria diversity index decreased in the order of chicken manure,kitchen waste,cabbage waste and peat.However,the similarity of DGGE map was lower in the same treatment of different composting stages.The microbial population have a great correlation with eight kinds of materials from Organic waste composting in organic carbon,organic phosphorus,DOC,C/N,C/P,NH4+-N,NO3--N and humic acid.In summary,it is a good way to improve the quantity and quality of soil organic matter organic by adding the organic waste compost;Adding compost input can optimize the distribution of soil organic matter to soil organic matter components and the features of the composition,in order to improve the soil fertility.