| The Zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate is an organic Zn source.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental Zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate(ZnPOS)on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,serum biochemical endpoints,and fur quality in black mink.Study the Zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate gene expression of black mink with transcriptiomics sequence analysis to explore the mechanism of growth performance.The paper consists of four parts:Experiment 1: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources and levels of zinc(Zn)on nutrient digestibility,plasma metabolites,and relative Zn bioavailability in male mink.Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet,which is mainly consisted of corn,soybean oil,meat and bone meal,and fish meal,with no Zn supplementation.Mink in the other 9 treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn from grade Zn sulfate(ZnSO4.7H2O),Zn glycinate(ZnGly),or Zn pectin oligosaccharides(ZnPOS)chelate at concentrations of either 100,300,or 900 mg Zn/kg DM.The results showed that zinc levels increased apparent digestibility of fat linearly(P < 0.05).The activity of ALP was higher in groups supplemented with 900 mg/kg Zn(P < 0.05)compared with the control group.Compared with ZnSO4,relative bioavailability values were 148% and 173% for ZnGly and Zn-POS,respectively,based on Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity.Experiment 2: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources and levels of Zinc on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,serum biochemical parameters,and fur quality in young female mink.Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet,which is mainly consisted of corn,soybean oil,meat and bone meal,and fish meal,with no Zn supplementation.Mink in the other 9 treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn from either grade Zn sulfate(ZnSO4.7H2O),Zn glycinate(ZnGly),or Zn pectin oligosaccharides(Zn-POS)at concentrations of either 100,300,or 900 mg Zn/kg dry matter.One hundred and fifty healthy 8-week-old male mink were randomly allocated to ten dietary treatments(n = 15/group)for a 60-day trial from mid-July to mid-September.Final body weight and average daily gain increased(P < 0.05)as Zn increased in the diet.Zn addition improved the feed conversion rate(P < 0.05).Apparent crude protein digestibility was increased by zinc level(P < 0.05).Experiment 3: A completely randomized 3 × 3 + 1 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sources and concentrations of Zn on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,serum biochemical endpoints,and fur quality in growing–furring female black mink.Three hundred 15-wk-old female mink were randomly allocated to 10 dietary treatments(n = 30/group,15 males and 15 females)for a 60-d trial.Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet,which consisted mainly of corn,soybean oil,meat and bone meal,and fish meal,with no Zn supplementation.Mink in the other 9 treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn from either grade zinc sulfate(ZnSO4),zinc glycinate(ZnGly),or Zn pectin oligosaccharides(ZnPOS)at concentrations of either 100,300,or 900 mg Zn/kg DM.The results showed that mink in the ZnPOS groups had higher ADG than those in the ZnSO4 groups(main effect,P < 0.05).The addition of Zn reduced the gain:feed ratio(P < 0.05).For fur quality characteristics,the fur density and hair color of mink were improved by dietary Zn concentration(P < 0.05).Compared with ZnSO4(100%),relative bioavailability values of ZnGly were 115 and 118%,based on tibia and pancreatic Zn,respectively,and relative bioavailability values of ZnPOS were 152 and 142%.Mink in the ZnPOS groups had higher average daily gain than those in the control group(P < 0.05).Mink supplemented with dietary Zn had higher(P < 0.05)pancreas Zn level than the control group.Fur length was greater(P < 0.05)in ZnGly and ZnPOS groups compared with the control.In addition,fur length and fur density increased(linear,P < 0.05)with Zn supplementation in the diet.Experiment 4: Analysis of RNA-Seq data of Zinc pectin oligosaccharides chelate in mink.The study aims to use the RNA-Seq data of live to explore the functional genes that play important roles in growth performance and nutrient digestibility in mink.Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet,which is mainly consisted of corn,soybean oil,meat and bone meal,and fish meal,with no Zn supplementation.Mink in the other treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn pectin oligosaccharides chelate at concentrations of either 900 mg Zn/kg DM.Supplementation with Zn pectin oligosaccharides chelate up regulated differentially expressed genes related to the lipid digestion,carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism and lipid digestion were significantly riched which could increase the nutrient absorption efficiency.In conclusion,our data show that the relative bioavailability of ZnPOS was greater than that of ZnSO4.7H2 O and ZnGly and Zn supplementation can enhance the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase of male mink,and mink can efficiently utilize ZnGly and ZnPOS. |
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