Study On The Response Mechanism Of Processing Mode And Storage Conditions Of The Quality On Alfalfa Hay Bale

To implement the policy of Grass and Animal Husbandry the central committee of the State Council in 2015,in addition to optimize the planting structure,it is necessary to increase the planting proportion of the high quality forage to improve the ability of supplement of high quality forage to improve the ability of supplement of high quality forage resources,through scientific and reasonable forage processing technology,improve the existing forage transformation efficiency of forage.In order to solve the problems in the process of hay production and storage in the main alfalfa region,study the optimum conditions for harvesting of alfalfa、select the best hay processing method、reveal the effect of storage conditions on nutrient quality of alfalfa hay bale,aimed to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the excellent quality alfalfa hay production of our country.It was taken simplot grass industry base as experimental sites,and“Golden Empress”alfalfa as experimental material,studied the technology and mechanism of harvest,hay making and hay storage of alfalfa systematically through plot experiment and field experiment.This experiment used the design of single factor,double factors and combined the analysismethodofANOVA,boxfunctionanalysis,tukeyHSDfunction analysis,correspondence analysis and simulation optimization.The results were as follows,（1）Considering the effects of different cutting periods,stubble height and cutting times on alfalfa yield and nutrients,thought that the suitable cutting stubble height of alfalfa was 5⁶ cm,the appropriate cutting period of alfalfa was the initial flowering stage,the appropriate cutting times of alfalfa was 3 times.（2）Considering the effect of different processing methods on the content of conventional nutrients,mineral element content,amino acid content and the content of mycotoxin in bales,when the different treatments of alfalfa hay stored 360d,CP and RFV content were significantly reduced.Among them,the content of CP and RFV in C12treatment decreased by 5.66 and 19.25 percentage points respectively,compared with other treatments,C12 has a higher content of CP and RFV,with significant difference（P<0.05）.The content of mycotoxin in alfalfa was the highest in the storage of 360d.Among them,the content of alfatoxin,vomitoxin,T-2toxin,zearalenone,fumonxion and ochratoxin were increased by 8.44,2.75,5.99,5.58,7.72 and 5.25 percentage points respectively.Compared with other treatments,the content of 6 kinds of mycotoxin in C12were low and significant（P<0.05）.According to the comprehensive analysis,C12（17%moisture content,180kg/m3density）was compared with other treatments,and when the storage time was 360d,the nutritional quality was better preserved and the mildew degree was lower.（3）Considering the effects of storage condition on conventional nutrients,mineral elements and amino acids in alfalfa hay bales,it was concluded that:（1）storage environment（temperature and relative humidity）influences alfalfa hay bales within conventional nutrients that there was a positive correlation between the most significant impact on the content of WSC and CP,the regression equation,respectively,WSC=19.5602-19.5602x₁+1.9530x₂+0.0526x₁x₂-0.0612x₁²+0.0526x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9043）CP=20.2001-20.2001x₁+2.5984x₂+0.0687x₁x₂-0.0750 x₁²+0.0687 x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.8764）,storage environment（temperature and relative humidity）influences alfalfa hay bales that there was a positive correlation between mineral elements in the biggest influence of Ca and P elements,the regression equation,respectively,Ca=4.9709-4.9709x₁+0.3887x₂+0.0098x₁x₂-0.0099x₁²+0.0098 x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9548）P=0.9569-0.0828x₁+0.0534x₂+0.0828x₁x₂-0.0023x₁²-0.0005x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9379）.The regressionequationoflysineandMethioninewere,lysine=-3.896-0.3048x₁+0.2073x₂+0.0075x₁x₂-0.007x₁²-0.0022x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9150）Methionine=-1.1729-0.0898x₁+0.0621x₂+0.0023x₁x₂-0.0024x₁²-0.0006x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9693）.（2）Storage time influences the conventional nutrients in alfalfa hay bales.The content of conventional nutrients in the bales decreased with the increase of storage time.After the storage of 90d,CP content decreased significantly;after storage of 60d,the content of RFV decreased significantly.The storage time had an effect on lysine and Methionine content in alfalfa hay,and lysine and Methionine showed a steady decline with the extension of the storage period.Storage time influences the conventional nutrients in alfalfa hay bales.on Ca,P,Mg,K content,along with the extension of storage time,the content of mineral elements continues to decline,which Ca,K elements along with the extension of storage period present a steady decline trend;P and Mg were significantly reduced after 10d storage.（4）Considering the effects of storage condition of alfalfa hay bales on the content of mycotoxin,it was concluded that:（1）storage condition（temperature and relative humidity）influences alfalfa hay bales mycotoxin content that there was a positive correlation between the most significant influence on the T-2 toxin and ochratoxin,regression equation,respectively,T-2 toxin=11.6133-0.5912x₁+0.5912x₂-0.0212x₁x₂-0.0274x₁²-0.0051x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.9987）,ochratoxin=18.8208-1.3875x₁+1.3875x₂-0.0407x₁x₂-0.0512x₁²-0.01059x₂²（P<0.05,R²=0.05）.（2）storage time influencesthe content of mycotoxinin alfalfa hay bales,including aflatoxin,vomitoxin,T-2 toxin,ochratoxin.Along with the extension of storage period,the contents of aflatoxin,vomitoxin,T-2toxin,ochratoxinshowed a rising trend;fumonisins and zearalenone in storage time after 30d,rise significantly.