Transcriptional Profiling Of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum Cv.Wen 19 During Compatible Interaction With Cereal Cyst Nematode Heterodera Avenae And Preliminary The Functional Analysis Of Effector Gene Ha-63744

Cereal cyst nematodes(CCN)represent extensive challenges to global wheat production.The investigation of compatible wheat and CCN interaction can greatly improve our understanding of the way in which nematodes dramatically alter root metabolic pathways for their development and for further finding new control strategies against this pathogen.In this study,we surveyed the transcriptome of wheat Triticum aestivum cv.Wen 19 by RNA-Seq during the compatible interaction with CCN at 1,3 and 8 days past inoculation(dpi).In total,71569 transcripts were identified and 10929 of them were examined as differentially expressed genes in response to CCN infection.Based on function annotation and orthologs finding,the protein phosphorylation,oxidation-reduction process,regulation of transcription,metabolic process,transport,response process as well as many other previously reported pathways were enriched at the transcription level.Plant cell wall hydrolysis and modifying proteins and auxin biosynthesis,signaling and transporter genes were up-regulated by nematode to facilitate the penetration,migration and syncytium establishment.Resonse to wounding and jasmonic acid stimulus were enriched in up-regulated Go terms at 1dpi but not in 3dpi and 8dpi.And we found 16 NBS-LRR genes,12 of them were down-regulated suggested further resistance was repressed.Gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes,glutathione S-transferases and UDP-glucosyltransferase were greatly up-regulated during CCN infection and may the key regulators for compatible interaction of wheat to CCN.Taken together,the results obtained by transcriptome approach suggested that genes in oxidation-reduction process,resistance inducing and suppressing,metabolism,transporter and genes in syncytium establishment may involve in the compatible interaction of wheat Triticum aestivum cv.Wen 19 to CCN infection.It provides a new insight into the responses of Triticum plant to CCN infection,which are expected to be highly useful for elucidating potential mechanism of wheat in responses to CCN.The investigation of effectors play important role for the prevention and control of CCN.In this project,we select the effector gene Ha-63744 for further investigation.Secretory characteristics and expression sites were carried out by in situ hybridization.At the same time,gene expression in 6 main development stages of CCN and subcellular localization will be investigated.It is clear that it was secreted by esophageal gland cells and localized in the nucleus of the host cell.The expression level is high in the late stage of nematode development.Overexpression and VIGS were used for functional analysis.Thus,the characteristics of Ha-63744 in nematode infestation,development,pathogenicity and host interaction will be revealed,which will provide new ideas for controlling its outbreak and promoting stable and healthy wheat production in China.